eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1
10
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62258
62258
Original Article
SIGNAL TO INTERFERENCE RATIO IN GLOBALSTAR LEO SYSTEM
Abd EI-Aziz El-Basioni
1
Hebat Allah Murad
2
Sherief Emam
3
Lucent Technologies, Cairo Office.
Professor, Dept. of Communication, Faulty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt.
M. Sc, Dept. of Communication Military technical college.
We consider one LEO CDMA satellite system that consists of 48 satellites running in 8 orbits, each contains 6 satellites. The system is at height 1400 Km from the Earth surface. The performance criteria are the Signal-to-Interference ratio (SIR). Both Dense Traffic Satellite (DTS) and Sparse Traffic Satellite (STS) are considered.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62258_702a36b6e91c56c3df92b14ade5f51aa.pdf
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Communication
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
11
16
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62268
62268
Original Article
Bit Error Probability of an Interleaved Convolutional Coded BPSK Signal Over a Correlated Fading Channel
Gamal Mabrouk
1
Alaa Fahmy
2
Salah El-Agooz
3
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
This paper analyzes the performance of an interleaved convolutional coded BPSK with perfect channel state information and coherent detection, assuming perfect synchronization. Analytical results for the pairwise error event probability using the characteristic function technique is derived. An approximate bit error probability is obtained by summing the probabilities of the dominant error events.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62268_dd03c6fbd2dc0b51c26237141da79567.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
17
26
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62269
62269
Original Article
PHASE-LOCKED LOOP DESIGN FOR MULTIPATH MITIGATION
EI-Sayed GADALLAH
1
Ph.D., Radar and Guidance Department, Military Technical College.
This paper introduces a new design of Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) that makes receivers with spread spectrum techniques able to work properly in an environment of multipath effect while the receivers with standard PLL is disabled. Basically multipath effect is an inevitable error that can not be removed from the received signal even with the use of a large process gain. The multipath has a dominant effect because the statistical model differs for each possible receiver location.An investigation of both the standard PLL and the new PLL is introduced. A mathematical approach of the new PLL is presented. Simulation results for both the standard and the new PLL are given. The paper is terminated with conclusions and future work.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62269_684f3e1edcb2a72334178638602f2fb5.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
27
35
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62270
62270
Original Article
Determination of Refractive Index Profile and Material Dispersion of Step Index Optical Fibers using Tow-beam Interferometric Method
M. Shanshoul
1
A. Gerges
2
EL. Mehanna
3
P.G.S. Syrian Arab Army.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Egyptian Army Forces.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Egyptian Army Forces.
The Pluta polarizing interference microscope is used to measure the refractive index profile and material dispersion of step index optical fiber. the method is explained as well as the theoretical considerations for determination of refractive index. Experimental work is done to measure the refractive index profile of a step index optical fiber at different wavelengths using this technique.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62270_9c5779cec8a9e2f7e215a81c49b7a7fc.pdf
Engineering physics
Optics
Step Index Optical Fiber
Optical fiber communication
Refractive index profile
Material dispersion
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
36
43
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62272
62272
Original Article
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY (SDH) POINTERS
Hamdy ElTaweel
1
Refat ElZonfoly
2
Ali ElMoghazy
3
Hamdy ElMekaty
4
Eng. Hamdy ElTaweel, Egyptian Army.
Ass. Prof. Dr. Refat ElZonfoly, Telecommunications National Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Ass. Prof. Dr. All ElMogazy, Egyptian Army.
Prof. Dr. Hamdy ElMekaty, Faculty of Engineering, ElMansoura University.
In this paper, a mathematical derivation for the probability to interpret an erroneous pointer in the SDH network is carried out. The derivation is based on International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication standardization section (ITU-T) recommendations for both the steady state and at the beginning of new data. The poses and cones of the ITU-T recommended way are discussed. To validate the analytically derived equations, a simulation program for a communication channel utilizing the SDH technique is developed. The results of both the analytical derived equations and the simulation program are presented. The obtained results are very close to each other.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62272_561382b28c2dad4f22b820f3c34f445b.pdf
SDH
SONET
performance
analysis
Probability
Pointers
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
44
51
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62274
62274
Original Article
IMPROVEMENTS IN ERROR IMMUNITY OF SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY (SDH) POINTERS
Hamdy ElTaweel
1
Refat ElZonfoly
2
Ali ElMoghazy
3
Hamdy ElMekaty
4
Eng. Hamdy ElTaweel, Egyptian Army.
Ass. Prof. Dr. Refat ElZonfoly, Telecommunications National Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Ass. Prof. Dr. Ali ElMoghazy, Egyptian Army.
Prof. Dr. Hamdy ElMekaty, Faculty of Engineering, ElMansoura University.
In this paper, a modified way to improve the immunity of the SDH pointers against communication errors is proposed. The compatibility between the current systems and those utilizing the proposed way is considered. A simulation program for a communication channel utilizing the SDH technique is developed. The simulation results for both the International Telecommunication Union Tele-communication standardization section (ITU-T) recommended way and the modified one are presented. The obtained result asserts that the proposed way is superior to the ITU-T recommended one. A mathematical derivation for the improvement factor of the probability to interpret an erroneous pointer in the SDH network utilizing the ITU-T recommendations and that utilizing the proposed way is carried out in both the steady state and at the beginning of new data.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62274_fc557f06d1559c0dfd73e7110f462d85.pdf
SDH
SONET
Improvements
immunity
Pointers
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
52
64
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62276
62276
Original Article
TRELLIS FREQUENCY AND PHASE MODULATION IN FADING MOBILE SATELLITE CHANNELS
R. El-awady
1
M. Bahie-Eldin
2
L. Gergis
3
Prof Dr., FACULITY OF ENGINEERING MANSOURA UNIVERSITY.
EGYPTIAN ARMED FORCES.
Eng., FACULITY OF ENGINEERING MANSOURA UNIVERSITY.
Most satellite communication systems are power and bandwidth-limited. In band limited nonlinear satellite applications, various researchers have shown that respectable coding gains can be achieved by Ungerboeck TCM ( trellis coded modulation ) codes [1], which improve error performance without reducing data rates or requiring more bandwidth than conventional uncoded schemes. This is achieved by channel coding with expanded sets of multilevel phase signals, such that the free Euclidean distance is maximized. A coded modulation format is defined over an expanded set of signals varying both in frequency and phase modulation ( FPM ). This special technique combines Frequency Shift Keying ( FSK ) and Phase Shift Keying ( PSK ) modulations. The FPM signal has been transmitted through nonlinear satellite transponder which exhibits amplitude and phase distortion ( AM/AM and AM/PM ), respectively, [2]. The TCM / FPM schemes demonstrate improved performance over TCM / MPSK systems on AWGN and the fading channels.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62276_c81e820fcaa2e444a3400bdf1dcf2b12.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
65
71
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62280
62280
Original Article
VOICE MAIL ENCRYPTION USING INTERNATIONAL DATA ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM
ASHRAF E.
1
EMAD F.
2
MOHAMED E.
3
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Nowadays, Electronic Voice Mail Services (EVMS) encryption is an area of a great interest due to the wide spreading of communication networks. If voice or some other analog signal must be conveyed with a high level of security then it should be digitized (A/D converted) and digitally encrypted. In the past, the digitization process was expensive so that analog scramblers found a place in the security business because of their lower cost and lower bandwidth requirements. The International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) is one of the most secure block-ciphering algorithm. The key length of IDEA is 128 bits, which is hard to be broken with exhaustive search. There are no Substitution Code Boxes (S-boxes) in IDEA. Instead, there is a logical function that is especially designed in order to make the encryption algorithm itself the decryption algorithm, with another key. This means that the IDEA is asymmetric algorithm. This paper presents a study of using IDEA for speech encryption.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62280_6819f8a6466ffa946a66f6edfc6b2eb3.pdf
Encryption
Networks
Voice Mail and Speech Coding
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
72
81
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62281
62281
Original Article
WIDE BAND SPEECH CODER AT 13 K bit/s
M. Ould-cheikh
1
Teacher-researcher, Dpt. Of Electronics, communications system Laboratory, Polytechnical military School, Algiers, Algeria.
A 13 kb/s wideband CELP speech encoder was developped. This is an area of increasing growth and interest due to some emerging applications like :multimedia devices, videoconferencing, ISDN applications, etc; these scenarios require high-quality speech without the constraint of the limited telephonic bandwidth. Thus, the bandwidth considered in those applications goes from very low frequencies (around 50 Hz) up to 7000 Hz. The sampling frequency typically used is 16 kHz, although higher sampling frequencies are under consideration for some applications. The research goal consists of reducing the bit rate while maintaining the subjective quality. One way to approach the problem is to extend the telephonic bandwidth schemes to this scenario, tuning them to handle chiefly speech, but also music. The CELP algorithm is used for achieving a toll quality of speech at 13 kb/s. We have introduced a pitch predictor to restore the periodicity of speech signal. In order to reduce the computational complexity, we used an algebraic codebook and the Backward Filtering technique.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62281_de73249d6b18b85c5c84df91e71c44c7.pdf
Speech coding
CELP algorithm
Pitch predictor
Backward filtering
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
82
88
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62284
62284
Original Article
PRIVATE-KEY BLOCK CRYPTOSYSTEM USING TWO-DIMENSIONAL CHAOTIC MAP
Alaa Fahmy
1
Salah El Agooz
2
Mohamed Eleiwa
3
PH.D., Electrical Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
PH.D., Electrical Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
PH.D., Electrical Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
In contradiction to one-dimensional mapping, higher-dimensional mapping may be conservative (volume preserving) as well as dissipative (volume contracting), invertible as well as non-invertible, depending on the parameter in the model. In this paper, we use two-dimensional chaotic maps, specifically Henon map [1], for compression as well as encryption. The Henon map is used to construct a private-key block cryptosystem.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62284_07bcb2d7fd70400398f9e115aef0b4fb.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
89
95
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62285
62285
Original Article
THE MODIFIED-I/O DES BLOCK CIPHER
Mostafa Abdel-Kader
1
Mohamed Sharrawy
2
Alaa ELdin Fahmy
3
Hithem Zorkta
4
Prof. Dr., Communication dept., Military Technical College.
Ass. Prof. Dr., Computer dept., Military Technical College.
Ph.D., Radar dept., Military Technical College.
Ph.D. Candidate, Computer dept., Military Technical College.
Data Encryption Standard (DES) has been broken [1]. The classical alternative, triple-DES, is too expensive for many users, taking three times the computation of DES itself [1]. Therefore, the modified-I/O DES has been presented. The modified-I/O DES is based on DES but it is stronger than DES itself. It uses 120 bits key length and it is much faster than triple-DES.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62285_078780ec9d682bea02af511d196336bd.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
97
105
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62286
62286
Original Article
PLANE WAVE SCATTERING FROM PERIODIC ARRAYS ON GROUNDED CHIRAL SLAB
M. Mokhtar
1
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Some scattering characteristics from a planar structure consists of a periodic array of patches on loss/lossless isotropic and reciprocal grounded chiral substrate are introduced. The results show that this structure has an absorption feature of the incident waves over a reasonable band of frequencies.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62286_7d31a258eb880eb1cf4c179e528d8afb.pdf
microstrip antennas
Absorption material
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
106
113
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62288
62288
Original Article
A study of refractive multi path fading on microwave LOS links in Syria
Mohamed Eleiwa
1
Odai Nadeem
2
Alaa Fahmy
3
A. Mitkees
4
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Refractive multi path fading is recognized as the dominant mechanism of system degradation on MLOS (Microwave Line Of Sight) links. Therefore the objectives of the proposed propagation study in this paper are to obtain quantitative estimates describing the possible propagation mechanisms through a tropospheric region, and to predict the performance of proposed MLOS links in that region. Various measurements on temperature, relative humidity, and pressure are recorded for a humid region (Homs), and supplied by meteorological department in Syria. The data is based on daily measurements ranging from 3 to 8 readings with a collection period of 3 years (1994,95,96). Knowing the meteorological conditions, the profile of refractivity is first determined in that region. The mathematical model of the propagation channel is then generated to calculate the multi path parameters. Different link parameters and configurations are also proposed , and the performance of each is analyzed. Consequently, the optimum link parameters and configuration are recommended.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62288_ab048eda696758fa685c742b3285bfe1.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
114
118
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62290
62290
Original Article
Modeling and Analysis of Anisotropic and Non-linear Structures Using 3D-(SCN) TLM
A. El-Bakli
1
M. Abd El-Azeem
2
H. Ghouz
3
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
The Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method has been modified to include structures that are non-linear, anisotropic or both. The new development offers the possibility of solving a wide range of problems which include non-linear dielectric, ferrites, plasma and semiconductor regions.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62290_7e96c0f68490e59e474c9c77aa73d925.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
119
130
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62293
62293
Original Article
STUDY OF ENHANCEMENT METHODS FOR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERNS USING FDTD METHOD
Ahmed Mahmoud
1
Maher Abd Elrazzak
2
Hamdi Elmikati
3
IEEE Member, Facluty of Eng., Mansoura Univ., El-Mansoura, Egypt.
IEEE Member, Facluty of Eng., Mansoura Univ., El-Mansoura, Egypt.
IEEE Senior Member, Facluty of Eng., Mansoura Univ., El-Mansoura, Egypt.
In this paper, two techniques are presented for enhancement of the radiation patterns of a line-fed rectangular patch antenna. The two techniques are based on removal of the substrate under the patch or etching spaced periodic dielectric or air holes in the substrate. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with perfect matched layer absorber (PML) is applied to determine the return loss, the effective dielectric constant, the input impedance, and the radiation pattern of the proposed structure. The results obtained are found to be in good agreement with the published measured data.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62293_ff07d3232186fb01be3134f710d7e473.pdf
FDTD
PML
and Patch antenna
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
131
136
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62296
62296
Original Article
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A 2 GHZ ACTIVE INTEGRATED ANTENNA
Hosny EI-motaafy
1
Abdel Rahman Sallam
2
Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Higher Tech. Institute, 10th of Ramadan City
Dept of Microwave, National Institute for Standard, El-Haram, Giza.
This paper presents the design and implementation of a 2 GHz active integrated antenna module. The module comprises a microwave amplifier, a 3-dB hybrid coupler, and a microstrip-patch antenna. The module is implemented using the microstrip-line technology. It gives a performance that is very close to the theoretical one. This module can be used in many applications such as active and semi-active seekers, satellite communication, radio altimeters, missile technology, weapon fuzing, manpack equipment, remote sensing, and biomedical radiators.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62296_011dc5c66c594925a8982ee2461bb4bc.pdf
Microwave amplifier
active integrated antenna
microstrip patch antenna
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
137
145
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62300
62300
Original Article
DESIGN OF MULTIBAND FRACTAL ARRAY FACTORS WITH REDUCED ARRAY SIZE
S. El-Khamy
1
M. Aboul-Dahab
2
M. Elkashlan
3
Fellow IEEE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University.
Senior IEEE, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport.
Student member IEEE, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport.
The multiband behavior of the fractal Kaiser-Koch array factor is described in this paper. The fractal arrayfactors presented keep the same shape at several bands because they are constructed from self-similar curves. A Kaiser window as a generating pulse function is proposed for the design of Koch-array factors. Kaiser windows are characterized by having the lowest side lobes of all windows in the transformed domain. The result of applying such a technique mould result in an array current distribution having lower side lobes, with a reduced auto size after setting a threshold beyond which the elements are eliminated.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62300_8dbf6e68a9451ec2b9e7ddd63dd187bf.pdf
Multiband Antennas
Fractals
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
146
157
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62302
62302
Original Article
ADAPTIVE SPACE—TIME SIDELOBE CANCELLER
SALEM I.
1
HANAFY A.
2
HUSSEIN G.
3
MOUFID D.
4
Professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.
Professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.
Doctor, Egyptian Armed Forces.
Ph.D. Student, Syrian Armed Forces.
Classical adaptive sidelobe canceller (CASLC) schemes which use only complex spatial weights are inherently narrowband, and consequently perform poorly when attempting to suppress wideband interference. This paper presents a novel solution to this problem by using tapped delay line filters in each spatial auxiliary channel, and utilizing the adaptive space-time processing for performing the required null. This sidelobe canceller is referred to as adaptive space—time sidelobe canceller "ASTSLC". The higher performance achieved by the ASTSLC architecture comes at the cost of a considerable increase in its complexity. ASTSLC technique can be used for compensation due to bandwidth degradations, channel mismatching, and multipath phenomena. In this work, the problem of bandwidth compensation is considered. The objective of our analysis is to develop some insight into the way in which space—time processing leads to performance improvement as compared to the CASLC. Moreover, some quantitative estimates of how the performance varies with array antenna (space processing) and transversal filter (time processing) parameters are also investigated and presented.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62302_8130a7a73a56354efa8201de7a854017.pdf
Sidelobe cancelle
Adaptive
Interference
Tapped delay lines
Transversal filter
Space-time processing
Bandwidth compensation
Estimation
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
158
165
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62305
62305
Original Article
ADAPTIVE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF GASTRIC MYOELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE
E. EI-Samahy
1
Abdalla Mohamed
2
S. Alian
3
Egyptian Armed Force.
Department of systems & Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt.
Egyptian Armed Force.
Abnormalities in the gastric electrical activity (GEA) and cutaneous Electrogastrogram (EGG) have been studied in variety of clinical conditions related to digestive system and its motility. Unfortunately, the impact of renal failure on GEA remains in question especially with patients performing regular Haemodialysis. The aim of this study is to determine whether EGG would be changed in patients with renal failure even after Haemodialysis to become as healthy control. An experiment was conducted on two groups: The first group contained (11) healthy volunteers with average age (23) years, free from any diseases related to digestive system and renal failure. The second group was selected from patients suffering from renal failure and performing regular Haemodialysis twice a week (10 patients) with average age of (27.5) years. EGG was measured non-invasively from both groups for 20 minutes and digitized with sampling frequency 2 Hz before pre-processing stage. In the preprocessing stage, the EGG signal becomes noisily suppressed using an adaptive enhancement technique. Based on parametric modeling, and the nonstationarity of EGG, the instantaneous EGG signal is modeled by adaptive Autoregressive (AR) model. The power spectrum of EGG signal can be calculated from those time-varying parameters, which are updated with on-line EGG samples. Therefore, the instantaneous frequency of EGG signal would be tracked. This approach has the ability to provide how far the fluctuations with renal failure from normal will be. The accuracy of classification with adaptive AR coefficients using RLS algorithm shows higher percentage for discrimination than other techniques as LMS. The percentage of classifying patients with renal failure before Haemodialysis from normal persons reaches 98.75%. It is expected that the GEA of the digestive system would become normal after Haemodialysis, but evident differences in EGG power spectrum were found, and patients after Haemodialysis were discriminated easily from normal with percentage 100% using scatter diagram. Finally, these results showed that GEA did not reach the control level even after Haemodialysis (5hours/session).
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62305_ea91eb7dbaeca3a1cd8dd57cdc269c2b.pdf
Electrogastrogram (EGG)
Adaptive AR
Renal Failure. Haemodialysis
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
166
176
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62311
62311
Original Article
Features Extraction of ECG Signals Using Wavelet Transforms
M. Gadallah
1
S. Alian
2
Kh. Reda
3
Associate professor, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Egyptian Armed forces.
Professor, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Egyptian Armed forces.
Eng., Egyptian Armed forces.
This paper introduces a proposed technique for extracting some of the important features of the electrocardiograph (ECG) signals. The proposed technique is based on the principles of the wavelet transforms (WT). In this work, special attention has been given to the arrhythmia diseases. The proposed approach has been tested using real ECG signals collected from some patients using a computer controlled multi channel data acquisition system. The measured features have been compared with the normal cases, which in turn have been compared with the standard features.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62311_4471c0b1c9ff3acb0b0821258bc2c6c1.pdf
Electrocardiograph (ECG)
Wavelet Transforms (WT)
Beat per Minute (BPM)
Arrhythmia Diseases
Band Pass Filter (BPF)
High Pass Filter (HPF)
Low Pass Filter (LPF)
and MIT/BIH Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Beth Israel Hospital arrhythmia database
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
177
188
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62315
62315
Original Article
Enhancement and Identification of The Ultrasonic Echoes
E. Solit
1
S. Abid
2
M. Farouk
3
(Ph.D.)., The Military Technical College.
(Ph.D.)., The Military Technical College.
(Eng.), The Military Technical College.
Adaptive filtering technique has been applied for enhancing and detecting ultrasonic echo signals that are corrupted with noise signals and un-desirable signals. This paper is concerned with enhancing the reflected ultrasonic echoes that are combined with the environmental noise. The adaptive filter is augmented to match the transmission path of the ultrasonic signals and generates a good estimate of the cleaned reflected signal based on minimizing a mean square error criterion. The weight coefficients are updated using the well known LMS adaptation algorithm. The proposed scheme is evaluated by computer simulations.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62315_654ae3e1c25e40c198ab9194c7db1e93.pdf
Adaptive filtering
Ultrasonic signals
Environmental noise
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
189
196
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62320
62320
Original Article
OPTIMUM DETECTION OF THE FETUS HEART ECG SIGNAL
E. Solit
1
M. Gadallah
2
A. Salah
3
(Ph.D.), Ass.prof.,Military Technical collage.
(Ph.D.), Ass.prof.,Military Technical collage.
(Eng.), M.Sc.,Military Technical collage.
In the physiological process, the desired signal may not be directly measurable, and the investigator may not be able to determine the signal from measurable composite signals, such as the case of the fetus ECG (F-ECG). There is a problem in extracting the F_ECG signal from the composite maternal ECG signal obtained from the abdominal lead, because the Interference maternal ECG (M-ECG) is stronger than the fetus ECG signal. In this paper, the adaptive noise canceller is presented, to detect both the maternal and fetal ECG signals separately. The proposed scheme exhibits a good performance and the maternal and fetal ECG is successfully detected.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62320_e4a661934ccac6e5c1474e31a0f7c632.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
197
206
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62325
62325
Original Article
The Use of Low Cost Dual Nostril Airflow Anemometer for the Measurement of Nasal airflow In Normal Subjects
M. KHAIRY
1
S. ALLAN
2
S. BESAR
3
I. ELFALLAL
4
W. AHMED
5
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Arabic Letters Phonetics can be divided from the point of view of nasal airflow, into nasal and non-nasal letters. A practical measurement has been carried out to define some nasal and non-nasal words. Two sets of word (nasal and non-nasal) have been selected. A new production of sensors is used to measure the airflow in each nostril during each word. The measurement is achieved over 25 normal subjects. The results are used to define the range of airflow for each nostril in each word. These ranges are considered as the standardization of the method to be used later with abnormalities. The system used in the measurement is a low cost dual nostril anemometer and the software is an objective tool for the diagnosis of nasal airway for each nostril.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62325_f7b7d6c1753870c39ecaeab482ab6cd0.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
207
217
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62329
62329
Original Article
A PROTOCOL FOR CORRECTION OF MACHINE DEPENDENCY FOR ULTRASOUND IMAGING
Yasser Salman
1
Ahmed Badawi
2
S. Shouman
3
B.Sc., Graduate student, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
Ph.D., Dpt. Of Biomedical Eng., Faculty of Engineering,Giza, Egypt.
Ph.D., Associate professor, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
When analyzing ultrasound images, the processed data depends strongly on the settings of the equipment. So, the overall gain, Time-Gain-Compensation(TGC) , Diffraction and Focusing, pre-and post processing of the gray levels, all play a role in the estimation of the texture parameters. To correct for these dependencies, we used images from tissue mimicking phantom with the same settings of the ultrasound equipment as during the clinical procedure. The acoustic properties of the phantom have been estimated in the device developed for acoustic microscopy. Steps of image correction are: Look Up Table (LUT) Correction, Time-Gain-Control Correction and Focusing and Diffraction Correction.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62329_6e085e521e2dcbb277c885cbfd3661b1.pdf
image correction
ultrasound images
texture parameters
Look Up Table (LUT) Correction
Time-Gain-Control Correction and Focusing and Diffraction Correction
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
218
230
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62502
62502
Original Article
TEXTURAL SEGMENTATION OF MR BRAIN IMAGES USING FUZZY LOGIC ALGORITHMS
BADAWI. M.
1
Ph.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering & Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
This paper presents novel algorithms for magnetic resonance (MR) brain images segmentation using textural analysis. Classification for MR images using features extracted from the texture is done using two algorithms, the Fuzzy Rule Based system and Fuzzy Similarity measures. The cerebral images are segmented into gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Image preprocessing was first done to improve the quality of brain MR images and reducing artifacts. The feature vector was selected to vary according to the textural structure of the images. The two algorithms are of supervised nature where in the first we build fuzzy rules while in the second we build fuzzy prototypes. The classification in the first method uses fuzzy inference and implication techniques to derive the classes of images. The classification in the second method uses pattern matching and fuzzy similarity measures. These algorithms are tested using sets of MR brain images. The results showed the efficient and robust performance of these algorithms. In this paper a comparison of these algorithms with Fuzzy C-Means algorithm based on texture features is presented.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62502_1037d6993d5a534ca78752cd08887e2f.pdf
Biomedical Application
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Feature Identification and Classification
Fuzzy C-Means
Fuzzy Logic
Fuzzy Rule-Based System
Fuzzy Similarity Measures
Gray Matter
Image Segmentation
Image processing
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Texture analysis
Supervised Learning
White Matter
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
231
244
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62505
62505
Original Article
CORRECTION EFFECTS OF MACHINE DEPENDENCY ON THE TEXTURAL PARAMETERS OF ULTRASOUND IMAGES
Ahmed Badawi
1
S. Shouman
2
Yasser Salman.
3
Ph.D., Dpt. Of Biomedical Eng., Faculty of Engineering,Giza, Egypt.
Ph.D., Associate professor, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
B.Sc., Graduate student, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
In this paper we presented the effect of correction of machine dependency such as LookUpTable (LUT) correction , Time-Gain-Control(TGC) correction, Diffraction and Focusing correction on the textural parameters of ultrasound images. The group of texture parameters are: histogram parameters , coocurrance matrix parameters , first order gradient parameters , grey level run length matrix parameters ,texture feature Descriptors (TFD parameters),acoustical parameters. Mapping this parameters into color coded display improve the visual inspection to the sonographers. After correction an increase of some textural parameters and decrease of others improve the visual inspection from the ultrasonograohers point of view. These results can improve the segmentation quality of the ultrasound images that will facilitate the build of 3D ultrasound images and can have an accurate measurement from the images and from the 3D data.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62505_1887793c6d4bb3ce625bf512986881c2.pdf
LookUpTable (LUT)
Time-Gain-Control(TGC)
Diffraction and Focusing
textural parameters
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
245
252
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62507
62507
Original Article
MODELING OF EGG SIGNALS USING ARMA COEFFICIENTS
Shouman Shouman
1
Egyptian Armed Forces.
The Electrogastrogram (EGG) is a new diagnostic tool for the stomach of the human being. Its first measurement was done 75 years ago. At first, the analysis of the EGG signals was very difficult, since the pattern of this signal shows no meaning of the stomach diseases or state. In this work, we try to represent the Stomach State using the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) Coefficients to be able in a later stage to discriminate between different stomach states (Hunger, Digestion, Before, and After Haemodialysis). Three Off-Line ARMA Coefficients estimators and an adaptive one are discussed. These techniques are applied to real EGG signals acquired cutaneously from the abdomen of the human being in one of the army hospitals. Their performances are tested and evaluated to elect one of them for later applications. The results show the efficient accuracy of the recommended algorithm.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62507_4911763303dcf72ac446e8d0991c94cc.pdf
Elecgastrogram
haemodialysis
ARMA
adaptive filter
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
253
263
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62508
62508
Original Article
Performance Improvements of Isolated Word Recognizers Based on Hidden Markov Modeling
Mahmoud Gadallah
1
Assoc. Prof., Military Technical College.
This paper introduces proposed solutions for increasing the efficiency of the isolated word recognizers (IWR) whose vocabularies comprise words with considerable difference in length. Most of the languages consist of words that have appreciable difference in the numbers of phonemes. In these cases, the recognition accuracy of the IWR systems that are based on Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) is degraded because they usually use a fixed number of states for all the vocabulary words. These proposed approaches are originally initiated to, overcome this problem for such types of vocabularies. The proposed solutions, introduced in this work, have been developed in two stages: (i) In the first stage, the HMM is allowed to construct the words models with variable number of states (VNS-HMM) according to the length of the words. The application of this idea has shown better recognition accuracy over HMM with fixed number of states (FNS-HMM). (ii) Considerable inigrovement has been achieved in the second stage in which the reference words are categorized according to their lengths and divided into subvocabularies. Due to the applications of these approaches, two other improvements have been obtained, namely, they are: (i) the ability to increase the vocabulary size; and (ii) decreasing the recognition time.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62508_77b80714e2527de4733ca5d73e17c063.pdf
Hidden Markov Model (HMM)
Isolated Word Recognition (IWR)
Number of states of the HMM
Training phase
Recognition phase
Time compression. HMM with Fixed number of states (FNS-HMM)
HMM With variable number of states (VNS-HMM)
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
264
277
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62509
62509
Original Article
EVALUATING SHAPE ROUGHNESS USING FRACTAL DIMENSIONS
M. IBRAHIM
1
Associate professor, Dpt. Of Computer & O.R., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Fractal dimensions provide an objective means for comparing fractals. They are important because they can be derived from real world data, and they can be measured approximately by means of experiments. Also, they may be viewed as measurement of the shape roughness. In this work, three algorithms for evaluation of fractal dimensions are implemented. These algorithms are based on box counting approach. A comparison is made between the results of these algorithms when evaluating the fractal dimensions of some computer-generated surfaces. These surfaces are of different fractal dimensions. The results showed that the fractal dimension could be used for measuring the shape roughness with an acceptable accuracy. The results showed also that there are significant differences between these methods in accuracy, stability, reliability and the needed time for computation.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62509_6385905ae1f86583324fd610938194f4.pdf
Fractal Dimensions
Box Counting
Self-Similarity
Divider Dimension
Shape Roughness
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
278
290
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62510
62510
Original Article
A NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR BLOCK CODING IMAGE COMPRESSION
M. IBRAHIM
1
Associate Professor, Dpt. of Computer & OR, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
This paper presents a scheme for image compression using block coding by vector quantization technique. This scheme achieves promising results in compression ratio and image quality. Although the encoding time represents a big problem in such solutions, it is improved using a self-organizing feature map (SOFM) neural network. Feature extraction reduces the dimensionality of the problem and enables the neural network to be trained on an image separate from that for testing. Although the time complexity has been reduced, the image quality is also affected by a slight value, which can be accepted in many situations.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62510_e3f80fe7c8c21e3e237d3797b7ba8976.pdf
Block Coding
Vector Quantization
Self-Organizing Feature Map
Moment Invariant
Feature Extraction
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
291
304
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62512
62512
Original Article
A HIGH-LEVEL SYNTHESIS METHODOLOGY FOR DEDICATED DSP ARCHITECTURES
E. TALKHAN
1
ALY SALAMA
2
F. HASHIM
3
Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
In this work we present a proposed High-Level Synthesis (HLS) methodology for dedicated Digital Signal Processing (DSP) architectures. Starting from a purely behavior description of a DSP algorithm, the HLS subtasks namely: the Scheduling, the Allocation, and the Binding are performed to generate an optimized Register Transfer Level (RTL) data path structure which implements the intended behavior while satisfying the .timing constraints. The Scheduling and the Allocation subtasks are solved simultaneously in terms of an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) feasibility model. The Binding subtask is solved using a Weighted Bipartite Matching (WBM) algorithm. A 4-point FIR filter is used to demonstrate our methodology in a step wise fashion, from the initially specified behavior to the finally synthesized structure. Simulation results have proved that the finally synthesized data path is truly implementing the initially specified behavior and satisfying the timing constraints.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62512_998c00fdb9fb4ae01b4b6c55f1f1c30c.pdf
high-level synthesis
Digital Signal Processing
register transfer level
time-constrained optimization
weighted assignment
hardware description language
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
305
311
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62514
62514
Original Article
FROM NEURAL NETWORK TO AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION SYSTEM
A. Somaie
1
A. Badr
2
T. Salah
3
R & D Centre, EAF Cairo
Comp & Sys Eng. Dep., Faculty of Eng., Ain Shams University, Cairo
R & D Centre, EAF Cairo
In this paper, an aircraft recognition system using a neural network is presented. A 2-D perspective view of aircraft models is first normalized through the preprocessing stage using bilinear interpolation and principal component analysis. The new patterns are invariant to translation, dilation, and rotation. Then, the Kohonen and Grossberg neural networks were trained using a small number of normalized patterns. The presented algorithm was tested on partially incomplete, noisy and geometrically distorted images and it was found that the recognition performance is 100% with six referenced aircraft.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62514_96a49e21c686b15aa3ea175d8fc210f6.pdf
Image processing
Neural network
Pattern Recognition
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
312
326
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62515
62515
Original Article
A CARDIOLOGY APPLICATION USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL
M. Shokr
1
M. Shaarawy
2
H. Abo Elsoud
3
Dr., Dept. of Computer & Operation Research, Military Technical Collage.+
Ass. Prof. Dr., Dept. of Computer & Operation Research, Military Technical Collage.+
Eng., Egyptian Armed Forces.
In this paper, a Neural Network Model is designed for the classification of normal and abnormal electrocardiography (ECG) signals. Linear Prediction Coding (LPC) is used for extracting the features of the signals generated from each patient. The features of the signals are applied as inputs to train and test the Neural Network. Different Neural Network architectures investigated in order to achieve a better performance. Test results show that, the classification accuracy of the network can reach 98 %.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62515_8a9e8b2d7eeb49437a564cc439e7a923.pdf
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
Electrocardiograph (ECG)
Back Propagation Network (BPN)
Linear Prediction Coding (LPC)
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
327
336
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62516
62516
Original Article
A PROPOSED METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANC OF P-TYPE InP IMPATT
Hosny El-Motaafy
1
Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Higher Tech. Institute, 10th of Ramadan City
A special waveform is proposed and assumed to be the optimum waveform for p-type InP IMPATTs. This waveform is deduced after careful and extensive study of the performance of these devices. The results presented here indicate the superiority of the performance of the IMPATTs driven by the proposed waveform over that obtained when the same IMPATTs are driven by the conventional sinusoidal waveform. The results presented here are obtained using a full-scale computer simulation program that takes fully into account all the physical effects pertinent to IMPATT operation. In this paper, it is indicated that the superiority of the proposed waveform is attributed to its ability to reduce the bad effects that usually degrade the IMPATT performance such as the space-charge effect and the drift-velocity dropping below saturation effect. The superiority is also attributed to the ability of the proposed waveform to improve the phase relationship between the terminal voltage and the induced current.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62516_9c82454355386b11c9c9cfe395ba4598.pdf
IMPATT diode
In P
Special waveforms
Avalanche process
Space-charge effect
Drift velocity
Velocity-field characteristic
Drift-velocity dropping below saturation
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
337
345
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62517
62517
Original Article
Standard VLSI Cells For Fuzzy Logic Controller Implementation
A. Taha
1
A. Badawi
2
M. El-Khatib
3
Ph.D., Dpt. of Elect. Eng., M.T.C.
Asst. Prof., Faculty of Eng., Cairo University.
Teach. Asst., Dpt. of Elect. Eng., M.T.C.
The VLSI CAD technology has been used for development of fuzzy logic based electronic hardware. Most of the existing standard cell liberties commercially available from various VLSI CAD vendors do not include any generic standard cells library to support fuzzy logic hardware. In this paper VLSI standard cells for a membership function circuit , Max circuit, Min circuit and defuzzification circuit are introduced.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62517_ac6f430e264a6b5c3f599912c520687e.pdf
Fuzzy Logic controller
Standard fuzzy cells
VLSI implementation
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
346
355
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62518
62518
Original Article
DESIGN,IMPLEMENTATION AND VERIFICATION OF C-BAND GAAS MESFET OSCILLATOR
ABDALLA I.
1
MOSELHY M.
2
ABDEL-NAZEER A.
3
MAGHAWRY M.
4
Associate Professor, Comm. Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Ph. D., Comm. Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Ph. D., Armed Forces, Egypt.
Graduate student, Armed Forces, Egypt.
In this paper, the Gain Saturation Approximation method is used for the design of a 4.5 GHz GaAs MESFET Oscillator. This method is based on S-Parameter simulation of the initial oscillator topology including the transistor model. A computer-aided-design was employed for optimizing and simulating the designed circuit to obtain the conditions of oscillation. To verify this work, the optimized circuit is fabricated, by using microstrip technology, and measured. The optimized circuit is also simulated using MDS program. Good agreement between simulation and measurement is obtained.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62518_8e5787546df71d5b95ef2e48ea82b108.pdf
microwave
Microstrip
Oscillator
CAD
and C-band
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
357
367
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62521
62521
Original Article
ENHANCED PERFORMANCE OF COMPLEMENTARY GALLIUM ARSENIDE (CGAAS) CIRCUITS
Khaled Shehata
1
Douglas Fouts
2
Manager of AOI VLSI Design Center, Cairo, Egypt
ECE Department, NPS, Monterey, CA93943
The theory, design, imple -nentation and evaluation of Two-Phase Dynamic FET Logic (TPDL), a logic fami y that is compatible with the existing Complementary Gallium Arsenide (CGaAs) fabrication process and design tools, is documented. Several different logic functions have been implemented in both TPDL and static logic. A performance comparison between the TPDL and static logic circuits is also performed. TPDL circ Jits are much faster than the static circuits performing the same function becaus a the former do not use PFETs for logic expression evaluation, only for precharging. Also, TPDL circuits co: •sumes less power than static circuits because they have no short-circuit current and a reduced leakage current. The maximum operating frequency of the TPDL circuits is 2.38 GHz and they have the lowest poorer-delay product ever reported in this technology (0.01mW/gate/MHz).
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62521_8027f714696dea9a5c3b0e3cc123b9b0.pdf
TPDL
CgaAs
Dynamic Logic
VLSI and Domino Logic
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
368
374
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62523
62523
Original Article
DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND REALIZATION IN MICROSTRIP FORM OF THE DOWNCONVERSION AND IF AMPLIFICATION PARTS OF A MICROWAVE RECEIVER
Esmat A.
1
Mohammed N.
2
Ayman S.
3
Professor, Det. Of Microstrip Circuits, Electronics Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
Associate Professor, Det. Of circuits & systems, M.T.C, Cairo, Egypt.
MSc., Det. Of Electronic Engineering , M.T.C, Cairo, Egypt.
By the aid of the Microwave Design System (MDS), software package, the design and analysis of the downconversion and IF amplification parts of a microwave superhytrodyne receiver, operating in the S-band, and the implementation of the designed subsystem in the microstrip form, is presented.. All individual circuits constituting this subsystem are fabricated separately and their characteristics are measured to test their performances and then the integration of these circuits is fabricated again on a single substrate and its characteristics are also tested and measured.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62523_a3e4949435c64f6f99c8838a1de3a815.pdf
CAD
S-band
Microstrip
Receiver and Subsystem
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
375
383
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62525
62525
Original Article
EXPERIMENTAL OSCILLATOR PHASE NOISE REDUCTION TECHNIQUE
H. Kimouche
1
Teacher-Researcher, Dpt. Electronic, Microwaves/Radar Laboratory, Polytechnic Military School, Algiers, Algeria.
This work presents a novel design methodology for reducing oscillator phase noise. This method is based on the choice of a topology of oscillator, as well as on the mastery of the nonlinear behavior of the active element. Obtained experimental results with the help of dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) are presented for different kind of transistors.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62525_2d3a5e95d4d0f3d516b7c9ec94532280.pdf
Oscillators
Phase noise
Resonator
Cavities
Phase shifter
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
384
392
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62526
62526
Original Article
EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERISATION OF THE DISPERSION EVOLUTION VERSUS STRETCHING IN A LARGE STROKE OPTICAL FIBRE DELAY LINE
SIMOHAMED. M
1
F. F.
2
Teacher Researcher, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17 Bordj El Bahri, GGA 35320 Boumerdes Algerie.
Professor, Equipe optique, IRCOM (UMR 6615) 123 rue A.Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex France.
In the frame of a large stroke optical fibre delay line implementation, we report experimental work focused on the full analysis of chromatic dispersion evolution versus fibre stretching. The delay line is tested in a fibre Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The experimental work is carried out using a spectral analysis of the interferometric mixing. A linear variation of the second order chromatic differential dispersion is observed versus high stretching. The stretched fibre dispersion evolution is scaled by comparison with unstretched fibre samples generating an equivalent group delay.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62526_c0e9a19cabcf46497fd8db1324d275ba.pdf
Optical fibre
chromatic dispersion characterisation
broadband interferometry
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
393
400
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62528
62528
Original Article
PERFORMANCES OF COMBINED SHUNT PASSIVE AND SERIES ACTIVE FILTERS
K. ALIOUANE
1
Dir. of . Electromagnetic Systems Lab., Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, EMP, Bordj-el-Bahri Alger, Algeria.
Harmonics generated by converters have become a serious problem for the AC mains as they can only be removed by using bulky passive filters. Besides, the harmonic compensation by shunt passive filters may cause undesirable interferences such as resonance with the AC mains.. To solve this problem some authors have proposed a combined system of a shunt passive filter and a series active filter. This system is self-adaptable and only small power active filter is needed. The choice of the control algorithm, together with the AC mains and non-linear load parameters determine its performances. In this paper the compensation characteristics of this system are studied. The filter control system with some peculiar features is detailed, simulation and experimental results obtained by a single-phase prototype are presented.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62528_ec8a1c2fb477e735b8a63b80935aced8.pdf
Harmonic
Resonance
Passive Filter
Active Filter
PWM Control
IGBT
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
401
410
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62529
62529
Original Article
ADAPTATION OF THE ROTOR TIME CONSTANT OF INDUCTION MACHINES WITH FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL
S. REHAHLA
1
Kh. DERAFA
2
Dir. Labo. Power Electronics, EMP, Bordj-El-Bahri, Algiers, Algeria. Fax.+213 2 81 60 97
Post-graduate Student, EMP, BP17, Bordj-El-Bahri, Algiers, Algeria. Fax.+213 2 86 32 04
Procedures for on-line adaptation of rotor time constant are allways based on error models considering two or more machine parameters. A mismatch betwen the parameters in the models and in the machine has strong influence on the adaptation quality and therefore on the result of field oriented control method . The parameter sensitivity of the adaptation method is analysed theoretically and investigated by means of simulation studies. A new approche to improve the parameter robustness by using a reactive power method. is shown.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62529_a514b4ca13ec349e349de54355caae5a.pdf
Induction motor_ Field oriented control _ On-line adaptation procedure_ Sensitivity
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
411
423
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62531
62531
Original Article
AN IMPROVED FORMULATION FOR OPTIMAL OVERCURRENT RELAY COORDINATION USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUE
Ammar Hajjar
1
A. Abdelaziz
2
H. Talaat
3
A. Nosseir
4
Graduate student, Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria
Assistant professor, Electrical power & Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Associate professor, Electircal power & Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, AM Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Professor, Electrical power & Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
In this paper the problem of directional overcurrent relays coordination in interconnected power networks is presented and solved using the optimization theory. Linear programming with Simplex two-phase method is applied to minimize the operating time of the relays. The insignificance of weighting factors and far-end fault consideration in the problem formulation is proved, through a mathematical example, by simulation, mathematically, graphically and by sensitivity analysis. The current transformer (CT) selection is achieved based on the maximum load and fault currents in order to prevent the miscoordination problem resulting from CT's saturation. A complete algorithm for calculating the optimal operating times is introduced and applied to sample examples.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62531_1e1430d5910783e4d10789cc39eba2f2.pdf
interconnected networks
overcurrent relay
coordination
Optimization
and enhanced formulation
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
424
434
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62532
62532
Original Article
Tracking Control of a PM Pancake DC Motor With Fuzzy Logic Technique
F. Khalifa
1
S. Gawish
2
M. Badr
3
A. Kamel
4
Professor Elec.Mach. and Power Eng.(MTC)
Asist Professor Elec.Mach. and Power Eng. (MTC)
Professor Elec.Eng.Dep.(Ain Shams Univ.)
Msc,.Elec.Mach. and Power Eng. (MTC)
This paper introduces a fuzzy logic control (FLC) technique for controlling the speed of PM pancake DC motor . In this case the rotor speed of the DC motor follows an arbitrary selected trajectory . The rotor speed is given in a digital form over the control period, under different mechanical loading conditions. These are, constant load, linear load and quadratic load.The control objective is to achieve accurate trajectory control of the speed , for motors of different parameters and different loading conditions. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is efficient in speed tracking of DC motors in comparison with conventional PI controller.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62532_4e9c5fa766981af79895c669bc1a9f58.pdf
Fuzzy logic controller(FLC), PM disc
type DC motor , PI control , high performance drive system
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
435
448
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62535
62535
Original Article
SYSTEMATIC DESIGN PROCEDURE OF SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTORS
Amged El-Wakeel
1
Said Gawish
2
M. Badr
3
M. Sc. , Dept. Of Elect. Power & Energy, Egyptian Armed Forces.
Associate professor, Dept. Of Elect. Power & Energy, Egyptian Armed Forces.
Professor, Dept. Of Elect. Power & Machines, Faculty of engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
While numerical analysis techniques, such as a finite element analysis and boundary element analysis, have been presented as an accurate tool for design and simulation of Switched Reluctance Motors, they do not give any method of a systematic design procedure with a minimum computational effort. Besides, They have not introduced any matching with the conventional design approaches used in classical machine design. This paper presents a systematic design procedure based on magnetic circuit analysis and standard proportion among motor parts to determine the motor dimensions. The proposed procedure is generally structured to run on personal computers to design and simulate any permissible specifications, in a few minutes. It has been shown that, for fast and more traditional design, no numerical techniques are needed, since the magnetic circuit analysis is more simple and complete in itself. The proposed program is not limited only to the motor iron and copper dimensions, but also estimates many of performance indices such as output power density, generalized power factor, losses and efficiency.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62535_52d95835dd9dab92f87362096833ad4f.pdf
Switched Reluctance Motors
Design of Electrical Machines
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
449
457
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62537
62537
Original Article
A Study and Implementation of Optical Laser-Based Ranging Systems
G. Fahim
1
A. GERGES
2
E. Mehanna
3
S. Alian
4
National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Cairo, Egypt.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
The increased requirements on ranging precision in many military, industrial and astronomical applications illustrate the importance of the Laser ranging systems (called Laser radar) as a modern ranging system. In this paper, the authors study the main features of laser ranging systems in its two main modes, the pulsed mode and the continuous wave subcarrier mode (CWSM). The main advantages of each mode are discussed then proved out by experimental data given by the satellite ranging system Helwan and an experimental setup built on the bases of CWSM. These results show good agreement with that expected theoretically.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62537_87b81c45a84d2cb9df5edfea6e59848a.pdf
Laser ranging
Laser rader
laser range finder
LIDAR
Ladar
Laser metrology
Laser systems
Optical ranging
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
458
469
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62542
62542
Original Article
EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT AND THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS OF MINIMUM RESOLVABLE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE OF THERMOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS
Elfallal A.
1
Saad S.
2
Wakkaf Y.
3
Ass. Prof. Dr., Egyptian Armed Forces.
Ass. Prof. Dr., Egyptian Armed Forces.
M.Sc. Student, Syrian Armed Forces.
First and second generation of infrared (IR) systems are characterized by their variation in the measurement of the Minimum Resolvable Temperature Difference (MRTD). This paper is directed toward the basic measurement of MRTD for both generations of IR systems. Concepts and theory behind the measurment were addressed. The MRTD used for modern systems production and development was introduced. A practical measurement procedure for laboratory imaging scanner type system results and data analysis are also provided. A discussion of the challenges of evaluating new systems such as staring arrays and second generation digital IR systems and the requirements for both horizontal and vertical MRTD measurements are also provided.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62542_6b27c09630d467a4a44c42b6e6b68f91.pdf
IR sensors
Minimum Resolvabl Temperature Difference
MRTD
and Thermographic system measurement
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
470
485
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62544
62544
Original Article
DESIGN OF INFRARED THERMOGRAPHIC SYSTEM FOR POSITIONING AND COORDINATION
Elfallar A.
1
Saad S.
2
Elmehrez H.
3
Asst. Prof. — Egyptian Armed Forces.
Asst. Prof. - Egyptian Armed Forces.
Syrian Armed Forces.
Thermography and spectroradiometry are very strong tools for night vision and target detection. Starers and scanners were normally used for imaging of targets without the existence of a facility to locate these targets. An imaging technique in which the determination of targets location is presented. In this design of the imaging system, the frequency-modulated reticle was used instead of the chopper. Through the method of arc length differentiation, after demodulation, the output signal is obtained. The analysis showed that the design was strongly dependent on geometrical parameters instead of time. Using the point model results to analyze the parameters of the designed system, the imaging system can be used to locate the targets. In this work, a case study was presented and analyzed, to show how the thermographic system can be used for target coordination.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62544_e7472d714cc1f462bf4551880451cf81.pdf
thermographic system
imaging
starers
scanners
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
486
494
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62545
62545
Original Article
Ejected Plasma Parameters from Coaxial Discharge
E. Mehanna
1
Ass. Prof. Eng., Physics Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
The main interest of this paper is to study the properties of plasma ejected from a coaxial discharge into an expansion chamber. It has been shown that the velocity of expanded plasma is near to that of sound similar to that of laser - produced plasma from a target. It has been found that the plasma expanded adiabatically in a shell like shape. The temperature and density spatial variation has been presented. The investigations have been carried out for a working argon gas of 0.1 torr pressure at peak discharge current of 38 kA with rise time of 6.2 μs.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62545_6bedde134a7f337b0ca57c7fa853ae70.pdf
Ejected Plasma
Coaxial Discharge
Expansion Chamber
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
495
504
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62546
62546
Original Article
Effect of Metal Additive on the Electrical Properties of Glassy Ge-Te
S. Fayek
1
S. EL Sayed
2
El-Sayed. Mehana
3
A. Hamza
4
Department of Physics, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Physics, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Physics, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Department of Physics, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Ternary compositions Ge1Te4 (In. or Cu.) with x= 0.05 and 0.1 were prepared by conventional melt-quenching. Thin films of these compositions were deposited by thermal evaporation with thickness 300 nm. Dependence of d.c conductivity on compositions has been reported. It was found that the activation energy decreases with increasing additive (In or Cu). The obtained results have been interpreted in the frame of the model proposed by Mott and Davis (1979). The ac electrical properties of adding Cu or In to amorphous GeTe system have been measured in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 100KHz and temperature range (303-208)K. It is found that, in Ge1Te4 (In. or Cu. ) compositions where x is limited to x=0.05 and x=0.1, the change of conductivitycracdeFends linearly on the frequency and temperature. The value of the exponent (S) in all this system is reasonably interpreted by the correlated barrier-hopping model (CBH). The analysis of the results reveals that electronic conduction of Ge1Te4 (Inx or Cu.) takes place via bipolaron hopping. The dielectric investigation provides a fundamental method for studying the rotational and hopping electron processes involved in conduction. Conductivity values, which depend on the glass microstructure, are observed as a term of cohesive energy, expre-ssed by the force of binding ions. An attempt has been made to evaluate this correlation. The experimental results support to some extent the above criterion in the case of Ge1Te4 (In. or Cu.) ternary alloy.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62546_8d0b2c269dccec94ec7f5ea180760629.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
505
513
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62549
62549
Original Article
NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF DOPED AND UNDOPED ZINC OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR VIA SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE UNDER ULTRASONIC WAVES EFFECTS
Fayed Sh.
1
Gouda R.
2
Awwad A.
3
Egyptian Military forces.
Egyptian Military forces.
Egyptian Military forces.
Research on advanced materials continues to develop along lines related to specific applications. Being the cheapest material with diverse applications in electronics, zinc oxide was selected to synthesize via the sol-gel technique under the effect of ultrasonic waves. It was prepared from the hydrolysis reaction of zinc acetate dihydrate in ethanolic solution at 80°C, followed by the condensation step catalyzed by lithium hydroxide under the effect of ultrasonic waves. Formamide in 30% by volume was used as a drying control chemical additive. Zinc oxide thin films were doped by antimony oxide resulting from the incorporation of SbCI3 with variable concentrations during the preparation of zinc oxide colloidal system. The thin zinc oxide films were made on glass microscope slides and calcined at 600°C. The characteristics of these films were studied via the IR, SEM, near IR transmittance and electric conductivity.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62549_25a10ad62c987658afda401c179649c1.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
514
524
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62550
62550
Original Article
ORGANIC CONDUCTORS BASED ON POLY(P-ANISIDINE)
M. Fayed
1
M. Radwan
2
S. Gouda
3
M. Borham
4
Egyptian Military Forces.
Egyptian Military Forces.
Egyptian Military Forces.
Egyptian Military Forces.
Polyansidine organic conductor, was chemically synthesized, via the chemical oxidation of ansidine by persulfate anion in aqueous solution . The prepared polymer was characterized by different methods of analysis such as: thermogravimetric analysis, electric conductivity, infrared and UV—visible absorption spectroscopy. Polyansidine showed good yield and intermediate electrical conductivity (σ =5 S/cm). This conductivity assigns it as a semiconductor material. The present work investigates the method of preparation and characterization.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62550_ed2088fbdec756bc160ad109af8ba108.pdf
Anisidine
organic conductor
electric conductivity
chemical oxidation
aromatic
amines
and polymerization
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
525
538
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62554
62554
Original Article
ANALYSIS OF THE QUEUEING BEHAVIOR OF AUTOMATIC ESM SYSTEMS
M. El-Ayadi
1
K. El-Barbary
2
H. Abou-Bakr
3
Professor of signals & systems - Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Radar electronic support measures (ESM) system are responsible of threat detection and area surveillance to determine the identity and bearing of the surrounding active emitters. The high arrival rate of radar pulses in dense emitter environments demands fast automatic processing of arriving pulses so that the ESM system can fulfill its functions properly in real time. Yet, the performance analysis of automatic ESM system is usually encountered with the difficulty that both pulse arrivals and widths can be specified only probabilistically [1,2,3]. The success of Queueing theory [4,5] in many applications such as computer communication networks and flow-control has encouraged designers to utilize queueing theory in qualifying and judging the performance of automatic ESM systems in dense emitter environments. The queueing behavior of these systems is analytically evaluated in this paper under different service disciplines and the results are validated by elaborating computer simulations. The analysis involves statistical modeling of arrival and departure processes as well as distribution of service times. It permits estimating the blocking probability due to high arrival rates of intercepted radar pulses or due to limited speed of the deinterleaver processor. The analysis also indicates some system configuration trade-offs.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62554_5943aeb039e474e490facccfba8863fb.pdf
Radar pulses
deinterleaver algorithms
sorting and radar cells
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
539
550
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62555
62555
Original Article
ENHANCED ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHMS FOR FAST RADAR THREATS IDENTIFICATION
E. Azzouz
1
M. Shoker
2
El-barbary El-barbary
3
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
In this paper, an enhanced algorithm for radar threat identification and based on the artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed. Four radar parameters are used as the inputs for the suggested ANNs. These parameters are: 1) the radio frequency, 2) the pulse repetition frequency, 3) the pulse width, and 4) the scan rate. A lot of work has been done to select the suitable structure of the ANNs. The chosen ANNs achieve minimum sum square errors and short time training. Also, they provide the highest success rate over all the examined networks. It is found that, one can choose a single hidden layer ANN structure with 12 nodes in the hidden layer or a double hidden layer with six nodes in each hidden layer. These ANN provide 100% success rate. Due to the simplicity of the ANNs structure, it can be used for on-line analysis. To use the developed ANN algorithms for radar threat identification in the on-line analysis, the main requirement is to finish the training phase beforehand.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62555_077d82fd61aa2a9f41db725d75292718.pdf
Radar Identifications
Neural Networks
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
551
566
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62559
62559
Original Article
A GLOBAL APPROACH TO OBJECTIVE EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCES OF RADAR SYSTEMS
M. ElAyadi
1
Fawzy Ibrahim
2
Professor of Signals and Systems, Faculty of Computer and Information Systems, AM-Shams University, Cairo, EGYPT
The author is with the Military Technical College, Kobri El-Kobba, Cairo, EGYPT
The classical approach to objective evaluation of radar performance utilizes appropriate forms of radar range equation to compute the radar range versus different detection probabilities for a given false-alarm probability. This approach implies full prior knowledge of radar system parameters, losses, and signal processing as well as accurate specification of the environment, whether it is a clear or an ECM one. The classical approach involves heavy computations and analysis and the evaluation is environment dependent. The present paper generalizes an approach started by Nengjing in 1985 for deriving formulas for calculation of radar anti-clutter, anti-jamming, and generalized ECCM capabilities. This new approach avoids most of the problems encountered by the classical one and facilitates comparison of radars with different structures but are candidates for same application. The present paper provides more comprehensive objective evaluation of the potential radar performance with better precision of the expressions for the quality levels. A procedure for assigning technical weights to radars in competition is suggested. Examples are given to show the potential of the proposed globalapproach.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62559_c73416bb598ea3f88ba6369d025c46b1.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
567
575
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62561
62561
Original Article
ON THE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND SPECIFICATION OF A RADAR PROXIMITY FUSE
A. ASSEESY
1
Ph.D., EW Engineering Department, MTC,.
In this paper the main aspects, system specification, architecture and design of radar proximity fuses are discussed. Complete analytical expressions have been developed by the author and numerical results have been achieved in typical cases. Different principles for radar proximity fuses are analyzed and compared and a hybrid fuse architecture has been proposed. The most important design criteria for the proposed fuse have been discussed and analyzed. Calculated results have been introduced in tabular and graphical forms.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62561_864f0fcbd00aa819716373ff741b89d3.pdf
radar proximity fuse
Doppler fuse
energy fuse
height resolution
hybrid fuse
chopping
duty ratio
chopping rate
accumulated energy
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
576
585
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62564
62564
Original Article
AGC DECEPTION: PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF JAMMING WAVEFORM PARAMETERS
A. ASSEESY
1
Ph.D., EW Engineering Department, MTC,.
This paper analyses the transient and steady state performances of a typical missile receiver AGC system. The analysis is done under the effect of periodic ON-OFF switching of a repeater jamming signal, both in the presence and in the absence ofthe useful target-reflected signal. Exact formulae are derived for the resulting "blanking times". The most 'suitable values for the jamming waveform time parameters are deduced for maximum possible suppression of the useful signal mplitude measurement process.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62564_329e4f1d5f80d36a9aaf92b2061cf808.pdf
Blanking times
IF gain
FB filter
Regulation characteristics
contour s of constant gain
jamming repetition period
jamming duty ratio
suppression ratio
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
586
595
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62568
62568
Original Article
Performance Enhancement of a Long Range Missile Using HoRobust Control Design
G. El-Sheikh
1
A. El-Melegy
2
I. El-Arabawy
3
Egyptian Army (Military Technical College and Air Defense College).
Egyptian Army (Military Technical College and Air Defense College).
Alexandria University.
A distinguishing feature of aerospace applications is the large envelope of operation in which the process is usually highly nonlinear and has different characteristics from one operating condition to another. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to design an autopilot that can cope with modeling errors, plant parameters variations, external disturbances and unmodeled dynamics, besides providing good performance and high stability. To achieve this objective, an adequate nonlinear mathematical model representing the dynamical behavior of the missile was derived (previous work) from which the linearized model for the underlying missile is obtained. A robust flight control system or autopilot is designed, for precise tracking, using (1) classical control design technique (previous work) and (2) Mixed sensitivity IL control design technique, the contribution of this paper. The paper presents, briefly, different issues in robust control highlighting the robustness to different sources of uncertainty for the purpose of achieving good tracking and disturbance rejection, and preserving the system internal stability. Then it summarized some of the controller design techniques including classical and advanced methods such as mixed sensitivity H n . Then, the structure of the underlying missile control system with the performance requirements imposed on it is developed. Finally, the design trials and analysis of the flight control system are carried out using the above techniques with the objective to satisfy the performance requirements including good tracking and disturbance rejection in presence of =nodded dynamics. The H has good robustness compared tothe classical. However, the 1-1,0 controller has higher order. Therefore, this technique needs to be investigated more with the system, giving more attention to the weight selection and its order, the crucial point in its design.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62568_6f90eeed072a79187ea83ff0f0430455.pdf
Guidance and Control
Robust Control
optimal control
Polynomial Techniques
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
596
608
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62571
62571
Original Article
FUSING AND ARMING SYSTEMS FOR SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILES
Khaled Aly
1
Mohsen Aly
2
Ph.D. student, Syrian Army
Ass. Prof, Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
The efficiency of the anti-aircraft guided missile does not depend only upon the correct choice of the guidance and control systems, but also upon the correct choice of the warhead explosion instant. Large projectiles and all surface-to-air missiles carry warheads. There are many types of warheads. The fragmentation type is usually used in the surface-to-air missiles. A fuse is required in all projectiles and missiles equipped with warheads. There are different types of proximity fuses, but the radio fuse type is almost usually used for the anti-aircraft missiles. It reacts on the reflected radio signals from the engaged target and makes the warhead explodes within the effective distance from the target. The optimum operation of the fusing system results in maximum probability of target destruction. That situation is achieved by the complete coincidence between the fuse activation zone and the target destruction zone. The radio fuse activation zone is determined by the fuse antenna radiation pattern. However, the target destruction zone is determined by the relative velocities of the fragments with respect to the target velocity in the space. This coincidence is verified by different techniques as varying the initiation instant of the warhead, moving the radio fuse antenna radiation pattern in the space, changing the pyrotechnic exploder position on the warhead detonation tube, and rotating the warhead around an axis perpendicular to the missile longitudinal axis. In this paper, the variation of the explosion instant of the warhead is discussed. A computational algorithm is developed to solve the mathematical model of a typical anti-aircraft radio fusing and arming systems. A computer code written with C language is then built to obtain numerical results. The number of fragments that hit the target, which is taken as a measure to the kill probability, is calculated for various engagement geometries. The effect of the final miss distance and missile and target velocities on the destruction probability level is computed. Results show that with a RC integrating circuit being employed as a decision circuit, reasonable destruction probability can be achieved for a wide variety of engagement scenarios. However better results can be achieved with more intelligent circuits being employed.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62571_645350464cd7c0b3400adbf3642dcf26.pdf
Guidance and Control
Radar
and Radio Fuse
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
609
620
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62574
62574
Original Article
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A MODIFIED GO-CFAR PROCESSOR. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION USING PLDs.
FATHY. ABDEL KADER
1
ALI ABOU ZEID
2
NABIL M.
3
Post graduate student, Main Workshops for Radar Equipment, Cairo, Egypt
Dr., Technical Research Center of the Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
Associate professor, Dpt. Of Radar and Guidance. MTC, Cairo, Egypt.
Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processors are useful for detecting radar targets in background noise for which all parameters of its statistical distribution are not known and may be non-stationary. The well known "Cell Averaging " (CA)-CFAR processor exhibits severe performance degradation in regions of abrupt change in the background clutter power. The " Greatest Of " (GO)-CFAR processor specially designed to control the false alarm rate during clutter power transition. A modification of the GO-CFAR processor is proposed Analysis for the selection of the sampling rate, window length, word length, and multiplication factor is introduced. The proposed design gives an improvement in detection capability and resolution of decision with a great reduction in hardware complexity. A further reduction in hardware complexity is obtained by using programmable logic devices (PLDs). These devices increase the effectively of using software in hardware which in turns, provide flexibility, modularity, expandability maintainability, and reduce size, cost, time and effort.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62574_44e5612232101951dddd6dbd9d91bd29.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
621
635
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62576
62576
Original Article
AN ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING THE AERODYNAMIC DERIVATIVES OF A SUPER-SONIC MISSILE
K. Aly
1
G. El-Sheikh
2
Ph.D. student, Syrian Army
Dr. , Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Determination of the aerodynamic derivatives is considered as an essential procedure when analyzing the flight path trajectory. This trajectory is determined by the aerodynamic forces and moments; which are functions of these derivatives. So, as accurately these derivatives are calculated as accurately the flight path trajectory will be determined. Thus, calculation of the aerodynamic derivatives is necessary for a six-degree-of-freedom missile trajectory simulation. Aerodynamics is part of the missile's airframe subsystem, the other major parts being propulsion and structure. The aerodynamics is closely related to the autopilot and controls that, in turn, form a part of the overall guidance loop. To evaluate the guidance, control, and autopilot behavior, it is required to achieve the three-dimensional representation of the aerodynamic forces and moments coefficients. The intent of the three dimensional representation of aerodynamics is to be able to analyze the missile performance throughout its potential operational regime and not just in the neighborhood of the trim points. The six-degree-of-freedom trajectory simulation, using these three dimensional data, can be used to predict missile performance against maneuvering targets and to troubleshoot flight problems by reconstructing the flight trajectory from on-board measurements of missile parameters. This paper presents an algorithm for calculating the aerodynamic derivatives of a supersonic missile. This algorithm depends on many parameters such as missile aerodynamic configuration shape and dimensions, atmospheric data, positions of center of gravity and center of pressure, angle of attack, side slip angle, control surfaces deflections, and a set of the aerodynamic based data and NASA curves. The atmospheric data are the air density, pressure of the air, the air viscosity and speed of sound. A mathematical model is provided. Software package in the MATLAB environment is developed to calculate the aerodynamic coefficients. The intent from determination of these coefficients is to calculate the aerodynamic forces and moments that affect on the missile during its flight in order to determine the missile trajectory and evaluate the missile control and guidance systems. The effect of the aerodynamic derivatives on the flight path trajectory is analyzed. This effect is discussed in two cases: the simplified case and the complete case. In the simplified case these derivatives are calculated in the supersonic speeds and estimated in the subsonic and transonic ranges. In the complete case these derivatives are calculated in the subsonic, transonic and supersonic speeds. The results show that the complete case is the better case from the viewpoint of the flight parameters (smallest miss distance and smallest normal acceleration).
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62576_1c63ccecf31d2c9a1a8b572d3f9404ed.pdf
Aerodynamics
Guidance and Control
and Mechanics of flight
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
636
647
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62584
62584
Original Article
FUZZY LOGIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION BASED ON CONTROL SYSTEM OF THREE AXIS GEOSYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE
Gamal Selim
1
Ayman Elshabrawy
2
Ph.D., Dept. of radar and guidance, Egyptian armed force
Msc, Egyptian armed force
In the last decade fuzzy logic control became one of the most important fields in artificial intelligence and process control applications. Fuzzy logic controller is a rule based controller that uses information in the same manner as human experts and does not require the complex mathematics associated with classical control techniques. This paper investigate the possibilities of applying fuzzy logic control system in both pitch and roll-yaw channels for a three axis geosynchronous satellite which required more accurate response compared to industrial processes.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62584_cb0a390dc096768047ef14f62f2ddb17.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
648
662
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62585
62585
Original Article
THREE AXIS STABILIZATION SATELLITE MODELING AND ITS CONTROL SYSTEM
Gamel Selim
1
Ayman Elshabrawy
2
Ph.D, Dept of radar and guidance ,Egyption armed force
Msc, Egyptian armed force.
Satellite control is considered as one of the most modern spacecraft technology. The main advantage of satellite is its ability to obtain a global look at large area of the earth's surface, therefor a system of three satellites in geosynchronous orbit can cover almost all of the earth's surface. This led to the application of satellites in several areas, such as communications by high frequency line-of -sight radio links, photography for meteorology, earth resources and navigation for aircraft and ships.This paper introduce the design and the computer simulate of the attitude control system for three axis stabilization satellite
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62585_4814765c576186f4a4c49a050dc2e0c6.pdf
Satellite
Three axes stabilization
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
663
674
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62587
62587
Original Article
COMPUTER BASED IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CAR CARBURETOR SYSTEM
GAMAL SELIM
1
MAHMOUD ASHRY
2
Dr., Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
M.Sc. student, Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
This paper presents the design and implementation of a computer based system to control the fuel to air ratio in a car carburetor system. The mathematical model of the system is introduced, the PID controller design is elaborated and the simulation results are obtained. Finally, the implementations of the controller using analog PID and digital PID are introduced and compared.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62587_04962e1c12b9b903144cf040b6d95724.pdf
PID controller stands for proportional
integral
and derivative controller
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
675
684
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62591
62591
Original Article
Power Spectrum Estimation and Rational Modeling of Random Processes
Nabil Amin
1
Lecturer, Dpt. of Electronics and Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
A new technique is derived to estimate the signal power spectrum density (PSD) and hence its autcorrelation lags. Several simulation results have been given to show the results accuracy. Based on the knowledge of the correlation lags, several approaches to fit the signal or random process to rational models as to approximate the spectrum to these models transfer functions square are considered. The model coefficients results are given and commented as well to be referred with other advanced approaches in the field.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62591_af474948195acccb34a4eec52c0f9033.pdf
signal processing
power spectrum estimation
rational models
random processes
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
685
691
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62593
62593
Original Article
Performance of WPDM in AWGN and Timing Error for Different Types of Wavelet packet Basis Functions
Said El-Khamy
1
Ehab Sabry
2
Sherif Nour EI-Din
3
Fellow IEEE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University
Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science and Technology
Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science and Technology
Wavelet packet division multiplexing (WPDM) is a high capacity, flexible and robust orthogonal multiplexing technique in which wavelet packet basis functions are chosen as the coding waveforms. This paper simulates different types of signals of wavelet packet division multiplexing transmitter-receiver system operating in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The interference caused by timing offset in transmission is also examined by Monte Carlo simulation method to indicate that wavelet packets appear to be promising waveforms in multiple signal transmission techniques.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62593_b1b12bdf5c304f535f2ecd697863dbfb.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
692
698
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62594
62594
Original Article
A NEW APPROACH FOR EDGE DETECTION BY USING THE OTF OF THE CAMERA
RACHID BOUMAZA
1
Teacher researcher, Laboratory of Automatic, EMP, Algiers, Algeria
One of the most investigated problems which exist in image processing is to find the optimal method to extract the different features(edges, regions,...) of the image.The main source of these problems is the diversity of images because they are obtained under different conditions of illumination and by different sensors. So a lot of algorithms are proposed to extract these features and any one of the algorithms gives good results in all cases with all images. So the idea is to find an algorithm which depends only on the used camera as the OTF (Optical transfer function). The majority of methods are based on the relation :Image output = Image input * filterSoa 2 Image output = Image input * a 2 filter axay NayIn practice we use directly the second relation, we apply a convolution product between the image and a mask, in reality the coefficients of the mask are the derivative coefficients of the filter. This relation shows that the image is always forced to be filtered with a certain filter as gauss filter, mean filter, ...etc . In reality the final contour image is not of the original image but it is the contour of the filtered image. So my method is different, I use a relation which is obtained with image restoration model including the OTF function.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62594_716f0df50a70f2fb832894d73f1149a7.pdf
Extraction of edge
Convolution
Optical transfer function
modulation transfer function
'phase transfer function
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
699
706
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62595
62595
Original Article
IMAGE CODING USING HYBRID VECTOR QUANTIZATION
M. Djouadi
1
D. Berkani
2
Robotic laboratory, Military Polytechnic School. BP 17 , Bordj el Bahri, Algiers Algeria
Electric and Computer Engineering, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique. El - Harrach Algiers, Algeria
Statistic approach of vector quantization uses code-books of rounded vectors which allow quasi-optimal coding for a given rate. Therefore these code-books have no structure and require big memory size. Regular lattices of points give the possibility of generating a great number of points from a short number of vectors. This can permit us to solve the problems of the statistic approach. However the lattices presents their own problem, effectively they are only applied for uniform distribution sources. In order to avoid these two kinds of problems, another approach is investigated; It consists of designing a new quantizer by combining the two techniques. In this paper, we present this approach which we call hybrid; first few statistic vectors of the source are performed by using the LBG (Linde, Buzo and Gray) algorithm [2], then each of them leads to a Gosset lattice. The results obtained in image coding are also presented.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62595_0adcbfae56949eb12badb9b48b1d28da.pdf
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
707
715
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62597
62597
Original Article
DETECTION AND REMOVAL OF IMPULSE NOISE IN DIGITAL IMAGES
FAYED A.
1
SHOUMAN E.
2
ALIAN M.
3
MAHMOUD A.
4
Ph. D., Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Professor, Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
B. Sc., Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
A new method is proposed to eliminate impulsive noise in digital images. The method is based on impulse noise detection by means of a self-organizing neural network and a class of noise-exclusive filters. The filtering scheme presented can suppress impulse noise effectively while preserving image edges and fine details. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the noise-exclusive filters is superior to that of the traditional median filter family.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62597_4d895f6b9abb3585f2d38364d1fabe09.pdf
Self-organizing neural network
Impulse noise removal
Noise-exclusive filtering
Digital image processing
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
716
725
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62598
62598
Original Article
ADAPTIVE LINE ENHANCEMENT IN PRESENCE OF IMPULSIVE AND GAUSSIAN NOISES
M. Gadallah
1
E. Eweda
2
E. Soleit
3
M. Kheder
4
Ass. Prof Military Technical College
Prof. Dr., Military Technical College
Ass. Prof., Military Technical College
Ph. D. Student, Military Technical College
In this paper, a proposed scheme for an adaptive line enhancement (ALE) in presence of impulsive and Gaussian noises is presented. The proposed scheme is composed of an adaptive line enhancer and a median filter. The object of this scheme is to obtain a best estimate of the desired signal which is combined with an additive impulsive and Gaussian noise at very low input signal to noise ratio. The median filter is used mainly to remove the impulsive noise from the input observation. The resulting signal is applied to the adaptive line enhancer to obtain a good estimate of the desired signal. The adaptive line enhancer is implemented by an adaptive transversal filter whose output is assumed as a good estimate of the desired signal based on the minimization of the mean square error criterion. The filter coefficients are updated according to the least mean square (LMS) adaptation algorithm. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in presence of the impulsive and Gaussian noise. It is concluded that using the adaptive line enhancer and median filter exhibits a better performance than that of the stand alone adaptive line enhancer.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62598_1d89e99d794486be600dfc95c67d945e.pdf
Adaptive line enhancer
adaptive filter
adaptation algorithm
median filter
Impulsive noise
Gaussian noise
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
726
734
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62600
62600
Original Article
BAUD DURATION ESTIMATION USING FAST COMPUTEDSPECTRAL CORRELATION FUNCTION OF M-ARY PSK SIGNALS
E. Eweda
1
K. El-barbary
2
E. Azzouz
3
A. Al-Makhlouf
4
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Syrian Armed Forces.
This paper is concerned with the baud duration estimation of M-ary PSK signals with M=2, and 4. The baud duration is one of the important parameters to intercept, and recognize digitally modulated signals as well as to determine the optimum jamming for them. The proposed method for baud duration estimation is based on the computation of the spectral correlation function of a signal. The proposed method for baud duration estimation provides reliable and accurate results at weak SNR. It is found that, a good estimation for baud duration of M-ary PSK signals at the SNR of —5 dB is available. Also, in this paper a new method for fast computation of the spectral correlation function is provided.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62600_2ae26fd83f64c2415fdad7820b410e89.pdf
Cyclostationary
cyclic autocorrelation
spectral correlation function
baud duration estimation
eng
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
1999-11-01
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
735
743
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62601
62601
Original Article
AN IMPROVED FINGERPRINT CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE
Wafaa Shalash
1
Fatma Abou-Chadi
2
Scholarship student, Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
This paper presents an automatic fingerprint classification technique similar to that reported in [2] but, an inverse filtering technique was introduced to restore the distorted parts of the images prior to the feature extraction stage. The results have shown that introducing the inverse filter stage has improved the percentage of correct classification. It reaches 97.5% compared to the 95% correct classification obtained using the previously reported technique.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62601_55274badba07189e7ed8bc85f01a9f21.pdf
Fingerprint classification
Image processing
Neural networks classifiers
Bio metrics