Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
SIGNAL TO INTERFERENCE RATIO IN GLOBALSTAR LEO SYSTEM
1
10
EN
Abd EI-Aziz
El-Basioni
Lucent Technologies, Cairo Office.
Hebat Allah
Murad
Professor, Dept. of Communication, Faulty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt.
Sherief
Samy
Emam
M. Sc, Dept. of Communication Military technical college.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62258
We consider one LEO CDMA satellite system that consists of 48 satellites running in 8 orbits, each contains 6 satellites. The system is at height 1400 Km from the Earth surface. The performance criteria are the Signal-to-Interference ratio (SIR). Both Dense Traffic Satellite (DTS) and Sparse Traffic Satellite (STS) are considered.
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Communication
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62258.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62258_702a36b6e91c56c3df92b14ade5f51aa.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Bit Error Probability of an Interleaved Convolutional Coded BPSK Signal Over a Correlated Fading Channel
11
16
EN
Gamal
Mabrouk
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Alaa
M.
Fahmy
Egyptian Armed Forces.
Salah
El-Agooz
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62268
This paper analyzes the performance of an interleaved convolutional coded BPSK with perfect channel state information and coherent detection, assuming perfect synchronization. Analytical results for the pairwise error event probability using the characteristic function technique is derived. An approximate bit error probability is obtained by summing the probabilities of the dominant error events.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62268.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62268_dd03c6fbd2dc0b51c26237141da79567.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
PHASE-LOCKED LOOP DESIGN FOR MULTIPATH MITIGATION
17
26
EN
EI-Sayed
A.
GADALLAH
Ph.D., Radar and Guidance Department, Military Technical College.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62269
This paper introduces a new design of Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) that makes receivers with spread spectrum techniques able to work properly in an environment of multipath effect while the receivers with standard PLL is disabled. Basically multipath effect is an inevitable error that can not be removed from the received signal even with the use of a large process gain. The multipath has a dominant effect because the statistical model differs for each possible receiver location.<br />An investigation of both the standard PLL and the new PLL is introduced. A mathematical approach of the new PLL is presented. Simulation results for both the standard and the new PLL are given. The paper is terminated with conclusions and future work.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62269.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62269_684f3e1edcb2a72334178638602f2fb5.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Determination of Refractive Index Profile and Material Dispersion of Step Index Optical Fibers using Tow-beam Interferometric Method
27
35
EN
M.
A.
Shanshoul
P.G.S. Syrian Arab Army.
A.
S.
Gerges
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Egyptian Army Forces.
EL.
A.
Mehanna
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Egyptian Army Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62270
The Pluta polarizing interference microscope is used to measure the refractive index profile and material dispersion of step index optical fiber. the method is explained as well as the theoretical considerations for determination of refractive index. Experimental work is done to measure the refractive index profile of a step index optical fiber at different wavelengths using this technique.
Engineering physics,Optics,Step Index Optical Fiber,Optical fiber communication,Refractive index profile,Material dispersion
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62270.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62270_9c5779cec8a9e2f7e215a81c49b7a7fc.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY (SDH) POINTERS
36
43
EN
Hamdy
ElTaweel
Eng. Hamdy ElTaweel, Egyptian Army.
Refat
ElZonfoly
Ass. Prof. Dr. Refat ElZonfoly, Telecommunications National Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Ali
ElMoghazy
Ass. Prof. Dr. All ElMogazy, Egyptian Army.
Hamdy
ElMekaty
Prof. Dr. Hamdy ElMekaty, Faculty of Engineering, ElMansoura University.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62272
In this paper, a mathematical derivation for the probability to interpret an erroneous pointer in the SDH network is carried out. The derivation is based on International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication standardization section (ITU-T) recommendations for both the steady state and at the beginning of new data. The poses and cones of the ITU-T recommended way are discussed. To validate the analytically derived equations, a simulation program for a communication channel utilizing the SDH technique is developed. The results of both the analytical derived equations and the simulation program are presented. The obtained results are very close to each other.
SDH,SONET,performance,analysis,Probability,Pointers
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62272.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62272_561382b28c2dad4f22b820f3c34f445b.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
IMPROVEMENTS IN ERROR IMMUNITY OF SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY (SDH) POINTERS
44
51
EN
Hamdy
ElTaweel
Eng. Hamdy ElTaweel, Egyptian Army.
Refat
ElZonfoly
Ass. Prof. Dr. Refat ElZonfoly, Telecommunications National Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Ali
ElMoghazy
Ass. Prof. Dr. Ali ElMoghazy, Egyptian Army.
Hamdy
ElMekaty
Prof. Dr. Hamdy ElMekaty, Faculty of Engineering, ElMansoura University.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62274
In this paper, a modified way to improve the immunity of the SDH pointers against communication errors is proposed. The compatibility between the current systems and those utilizing the proposed way is considered. A simulation program for a communication channel utilizing the SDH technique is developed. The simulation results for both the International Telecommunication Union Tele-communication standardization section (ITU-T) recommended way and the modified one are presented. The obtained result asserts that the proposed way is superior to the ITU-T recommended one. A mathematical derivation for the improvement factor of the probability to interpret an erroneous pointer in the SDH network utilizing the ITU-T recommendations and that utilizing the proposed way is carried out in both the steady state and at the beginning of new data.
SDH,SONET,Improvements,immunity,Pointers
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62274.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62274_fc557f06d1559c0dfd73e7110f462d85.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
TRELLIS FREQUENCY AND PHASE MODULATION IN FADING MOBILE SATELLITE CHANNELS
52
64
EN
R.
El-awady
Prof Dr., FACULITY OF ENGINEERING MANSOURA UNIVERSITY.
M.
A.
Bahie-Eldin
EGYPTIAN ARMED FORCES.
L.
F.
Gergis
Eng., FACULITY OF ENGINEERING MANSOURA UNIVERSITY.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62276
Most satellite communication systems are power and bandwidth-limited. In band limited nonlinear satellite applications, various researchers have shown that respectable coding gains can be achieved by Ungerboeck TCM ( trellis coded modulation ) codes [1], which improve error performance without reducing data rates or requiring more bandwidth than conventional uncoded schemes. This is achieved by channel coding with expanded sets of multilevel phase signals, such that the free Euclidean distance is maximized. A coded modulation format is defined over an expanded set of signals varying both in frequency and phase modulation ( FPM ). This special technique combines Frequency Shift Keying ( FSK ) and Phase Shift Keying ( PSK ) modulations. The FPM signal has been transmitted through nonlinear satellite transponder which exhibits amplitude and phase distortion ( AM/AM and AM/PM ), respectively, [2]. The TCM / FPM schemes demonstrate improved performance over TCM / MPSK systems on AWGN and the fading channels.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62276.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62276_c81e820fcaa2e444a3400bdf1dcf2b12.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
VOICE MAIL ENCRYPTION USING INTERNATIONAL DATA ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM
65
71
EN
ASHRAF
D.
E.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
EMAD
A.
F.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
MOHAMED
S.
E.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62280
Nowadays, Electronic Voice Mail Services (EVMS) encryption is an area of a great interest due to the wide spreading of communication networks. If voice or some other analog signal must be conveyed with a high level of security then it should be digitized (A/D converted) and digitally encrypted. In the past, the digitization process was expensive so that analog scramblers found a place in the security business because of their lower cost and lower bandwidth requirements. The International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) is one of the most secure block-ciphering algorithm. The key length of IDEA is 128 bits, which is hard to be broken with exhaustive search. There are no Substitution Code Boxes (S-boxes) in IDEA. Instead, there is a logical function that is especially designed in order to make the encryption algorithm itself the decryption algorithm, with another key. This means that the IDEA is asymmetric algorithm. This paper presents a study of using IDEA for speech encryption.
Encryption,Networks,Voice Mail and Speech Coding
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62280.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62280_6819f8a6466ffa946a66f6edfc6b2eb3.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
WIDE BAND SPEECH CODER AT 13 K bit/s
72
81
EN
M.
Ould-cheikh
Teacher-researcher, Dpt. Of Electronics, communications system Laboratory, Polytechnical military School, Algiers, Algeria.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62281
A 13 kb/s wideband CELP speech encoder was developped. This is an area of increasing growth and interest due to some emerging applications like :multimedia devices, videoconferencing, ISDN applications, etc; these scenarios require high-quality speech without the constraint of the limited telephonic bandwidth. Thus, the bandwidth considered in those applications goes from very low frequencies (around 50 Hz) up to 7000 Hz. The sampling frequency typically used is 16 kHz, although higher sampling frequencies are under consideration for some applications. The research goal consists of reducing the bit rate while maintaining the subjective quality. One way to approach the problem is to extend the telephonic bandwidth schemes to this scenario, tuning them to handle chiefly speech, but also music. The CELP algorithm is used for achieving a toll quality of speech at 13 kb/s. We have introduced a pitch predictor to restore the periodicity of speech signal. In order to reduce the computational complexity, we used an algebraic codebook and the Backward Filtering technique.
Speech coding,CELP algorithm,Pitch predictor,Backward filtering
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62281.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62281_de73249d6b18b85c5c84df91e71c44c7.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
PRIVATE-KEY BLOCK CRYPTOSYSTEM USING TWO-DIMENSIONAL CHAOTIC MAP
82
88
EN
Alaa
Fahmy
PH.D., Electrical Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Salah
El Agooz
PH.D., Electrical Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
Mohamed
A. H.
Eleiwa
PH.D., Electrical Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62284
In contradiction to one-dimensional mapping, higher-dimensional mapping may be conservative (volume preserving) as well as dissipative (volume contracting), invertible as well as non-invertible, depending on the parameter in the model. In this paper, we use two-dimensional chaotic maps, specifically Henon map [1], for compression as well as encryption. The Henon map is used to construct a private-key block cryptosystem.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62284.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62284_07bcb2d7fd70400398f9e115aef0b4fb.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
THE MODIFIED-I/O DES BLOCK CIPHER
89
95
EN
Mostafa
Abdel-Kader
Prof. Dr., Communication dept., Military Technical College.
Mohamed
Sharrawy
Ass. Prof. Dr., Computer dept., Military Technical College.
Alaa ELdin
Fahmy
Ph.D., Radar dept., Military Technical College.
Hithem
Youseef
Zorkta
Ph.D. Candidate, Computer dept., Military Technical College.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62285
Data Encryption Standard (DES) has been broken [1]. The classical alternative, triple-DES, is too expensive for many users, taking three times the computation of DES itself [1]. Therefore, the modified-I/O DES has been presented. The modified-I/O DES is based on DES but it is stronger than DES itself. It uses 120 bits key length and it is much faster than triple-DES.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62285.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62285_078780ec9d682bea02af511d196336bd.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
PLANE WAVE SCATTERING FROM PERIODIC ARRAYS ON GROUNDED CHIRAL SLAB
97
105
EN
M.
Medhat
Mokhtar
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62286
Some scattering characteristics from a planar structure consists of a periodic array of patches on loss/lossless isotropic and reciprocal grounded chiral substrate are introduced. The results show that this structure has an absorption feature of the incident waves over a reasonable band of frequencies.
microstrip antennas,Absorption material
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62286.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62286_7d31a258eb880eb1cf4c179e528d8afb.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A study of refractive multi path fading on microwave LOS links in Syria
106
113
EN
Mohamed
A. H.
Eleiwa
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Odai
M.
Nadeem
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Alaa
Fahmy
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
A.
A.
Mitkees
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62288
Refractive multi path fading is recognized as the dominant mechanism of system degradation on MLOS (Microwave Line Of Sight) links. Therefore the objectives of the proposed propagation study in this paper are to obtain quantitative estimates describing the possible propagation mechanisms through a tropospheric region, and to predict the performance of proposed MLOS links in that region. Various measurements on temperature, relative humidity, and pressure are recorded for a humid region (Homs), and supplied by meteorological department in Syria. The data is based on daily measurements ranging from 3 to 8 readings with a collection period of 3 years (1994,95,96). Knowing the meteorological conditions, the profile of refractivity is first determined in that region. The mathematical model of the propagation channel is then generated to calculate the multi path parameters. Different link parameters and configurations are also proposed , and the performance of each is analyzed. Consequently, the optimum link parameters and configuration are recommended.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62288.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62288_ab048eda696758fa685c742b3285bfe1.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Modeling and Analysis of Anisotropic and Non-linear Structures Using 3D-(SCN) TLM
114
118
EN
A.
M.
El-Bakli
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
M.
H.
Abd El-Azeem
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
H.
H.
Ghouz
Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62290
The Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method has been modified to include structures that are non-linear, anisotropic or both. The new development offers the possibility of solving a wide range of problems which include non-linear dielectric, ferrites, plasma and semiconductor regions.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62290.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62290_7e96c0f68490e59e474c9c77aa73d925.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
STUDY OF ENHANCEMENT METHODS FOR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERNS USING FDTD METHOD
119
130
EN
Ahmed
N.
Mahmoud
IEEE Member, Facluty of Eng., Mansoura Univ., El-Mansoura, Egypt.
Maher
M.
Abd Elrazzak
IEEE Member, Facluty of Eng., Mansoura Univ., El-Mansoura, Egypt.
Hamdi
A.
Elmikati
IEEE Senior Member, Facluty of Eng., Mansoura Univ., El-Mansoura, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62293
In this paper, two techniques are presented for enhancement of the radiation patterns of a line-fed rectangular patch antenna. The two techniques are based on removal of the substrate under the patch or etching spaced periodic dielectric or air holes in the substrate. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with perfect matched layer absorber (PML) is applied to determine the return loss, the effective dielectric constant, the input impedance, and the radiation pattern of the proposed structure. The results obtained are found to be in good agreement with the published measured data.
FDTD,PML,and Patch antenna
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62293.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62293_ff07d3232186fb01be3134f710d7e473.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A 2 GHZ ACTIVE INTEGRATED ANTENNA
131
136
EN
Hosny
A.
EI-motaafy
Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Higher Tech. Institute, 10th of Ramadan City
Abdel Rahman
Sallam
Dept of Microwave, National Institute for Standard, El-Haram, Giza.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62296
This paper presents the design and implementation of a 2 GHz active integrated antenna module. The module comprises a microwave amplifier, a 3-dB hybrid coupler, and a microstrip-patch antenna. The module is implemented using the microstrip-line technology. It gives a performance that is very close to the theoretical one. This module can be used in many applications such as active and semi-active seekers, satellite communication, radio altimeters, missile technology, weapon fuzing, manpack equipment, remote sensing, and biomedical radiators.
Microwave amplifier,active integrated antenna,microstrip patch antenna
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62296.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62296_011dc5c66c594925a8982ee2461bb4bc.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
DESIGN OF MULTIBAND FRACTAL ARRAY FACTORS WITH REDUCED ARRAY SIZE
137
145
EN
S.
E.
El-Khamy
Fellow IEEE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University.
M.
A.
Aboul-Dahab
Senior IEEE, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport.
M.
I.
Elkashlan
Student member IEEE, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62300
The multiband behavior of the fractal Kaiser-Koch array factor is described in this paper. The fractal arrayfactors presented keep the same shape at several bands because they are constructed from self-similar curves. A Kaiser window as a generating pulse function is proposed for the design of Koch-array factors. Kaiser windows are characterized by having the lowest side lobes of all windows in the transformed domain. The result of applying such a technique mould result in an array current distribution having lower side lobes, with a reduced auto size after setting a threshold beyond which the elements are eliminated.
Multiband Antennas,Fractals
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62300.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62300_8dbf6e68a9451ec2b9e7ddd63dd187bf.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ADAPTIVE SPACE—TIME SIDELOBE CANCELLER
146
157
EN
SALEM
I.
Professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.
HANAFY
A.
Professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.
HUSSEIN
H.
G.
Doctor, Egyptian Armed Forces.
MOUFID
A.
D.
Ph.D. Student, Syrian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62302
Classical adaptive sidelobe canceller (CASLC) schemes which use only complex spatial weights are inherently narrowband, and consequently perform poorly when attempting to suppress wideband interference. This paper presents a novel solution to this problem by using tapped delay line filters in each spatial auxiliary channel, and utilizing the adaptive space-time processing for performing the required null. This sidelobe canceller is referred to as adaptive space—time sidelobe canceller "ASTSLC". The higher performance achieved by the ASTSLC architecture comes at the cost of a considerable increase in its complexity. ASTSLC technique can be used for compensation due to bandwidth degradations, channel mismatching, and multipath phenomena. In this work, the problem of bandwidth compensation is considered. The objective of our analysis is to develop some insight into the way in which space—time processing leads to performance improvement as compared to the CASLC. Moreover, some quantitative estimates of how the performance varies with array antenna (space processing) and transversal filter (time processing) parameters are also investigated and presented.
Sidelobe cancelle,Adaptive,Interference,Tapped delay lines,Transversal filter,Space-time processing,Bandwidth compensation,Estimation
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62302.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62302_8130a7a73a56354efa8201de7a854017.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ADAPTIVE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF GASTRIC MYOELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE
158
165
EN
E.
EI-Samahy
Egyptian Armed Force.
Abdalla
S. A.
Mohamed
Department of systems & Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo
University, Egypt.
S.
Alian
Egyptian Armed Force.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62305
Abnormalities in the gastric electrical activity (GEA) and cutaneous Electrogastrogram (EGG) have been studied in variety of clinical conditions related to digestive system and its motility. Unfortunately, the impact of renal failure on GEA remains in question especially with patients performing regular Haemodialysis. The aim of this study is to determine whether EGG would be changed in patients with renal failure even after Haemodialysis to become as healthy control. An experiment was conducted on two groups: The first group contained (11) healthy volunteers with average age (23) years, free from any diseases related to digestive system and renal failure. The second group was selected from patients suffering from renal failure and performing regular Haemodialysis twice a week (10 patients) with average age of (27.5) years. EGG was measured non-invasively from both groups for 20 minutes and digitized with sampling frequency 2 Hz before pre-processing stage. In the preprocessing stage, the EGG signal becomes noisily suppressed using an adaptive enhancement technique. Based on parametric modeling, and the nonstationarity of EGG, the instantaneous EGG signal is modeled by adaptive Autoregressive (AR) model. The power spectrum of EGG signal can be calculated from those time-varying parameters, which are updated with on-line EGG samples. Therefore, the instantaneous frequency of EGG signal would be tracked. This approach has the ability to provide how far the fluctuations with renal failure from normal will be. The accuracy of classification with adaptive AR coefficients using RLS algorithm shows higher percentage for discrimination than other techniques as LMS. The percentage of classifying patients with renal failure before Haemodialysis from normal persons reaches 98.75%. It is expected that the GEA of the digestive system would become normal after Haemodialysis, but evident differences in EGG power spectrum were found, and patients after Haemodialysis were discriminated easily from normal with percentage 100% using scatter diagram. Finally, these results showed that GEA did not reach the control level even after Haemodialysis (5hours/session).
Electrogastrogram (EGG),Adaptive AR,Renal Failure. Haemodialysis
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62305.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62305_ea91eb7dbaeca3a1cd8dd57cdc269c2b.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Features Extraction of ECG Signals Using Wavelet Transforms
166
176
EN
M.
E.
Gadallah
Associate professor, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Egyptian Armed forces.
S.
M.
Alian
Professor, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Egyptian Armed forces.
Kh.
M.
Reda
Eng., Egyptian Armed forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62311
This paper introduces a proposed technique for extracting some of the important features of the electrocardiograph (ECG) signals. The proposed technique is based on the principles of the wavelet transforms (WT). In this work, special attention has been given to the arrhythmia diseases. The proposed approach has been tested using real ECG signals collected from some patients using a computer controlled multi channel data acquisition system. The measured features have been compared with the normal cases, which in turn have been compared with the standard features.
Electrocardiograph (ECG),Wavelet Transforms (WT),Beat per Minute (BPM),Arrhythmia Diseases,Band Pass Filter (BPF),High Pass Filter (HPF),Low Pass Filter (LPF),and MIT/BIH Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Beth Israel Hospital arrhythmia database
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62311.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62311_4471c0b1c9ff3acb0b0821258bc2c6c1.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Enhancement and Identification of The Ultrasonic Echoes
177
188
EN
E.
A.
Solit
(Ph.D.)., The Military Technical College.
S.
M.
Abid
(Ph.D.)., The Military Technical College.
M.
Farouk
(Eng.), The Military Technical College.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62315
Adaptive filtering technique has been applied for enhancing and detecting ultrasonic echo signals that are corrupted with noise signals and un-desirable signals. This paper is concerned with enhancing the reflected ultrasonic echoes that are combined with the environmental noise. The adaptive filter is augmented to match the transmission path of the ultrasonic signals and generates a good estimate of the cleaned reflected signal based on minimizing a mean square error criterion. The weight coefficients are updated using the well known LMS adaptation algorithm. The proposed scheme is evaluated by computer simulations.
Adaptive filtering,Ultrasonic signals,Environmental noise
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62315.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62315_654ae3e1c25e40c198ab9194c7db1e93.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
OPTIMUM DETECTION OF THE FETUS HEART ECG SIGNAL
189
196
EN
E.
A.
Solit
(Ph.D.), Ass.prof.,Military Technical collage.
M.
E.
Gadallah
(Ph.D.), Ass.prof.,Military Technical collage.
A.
Salah
(Eng.), M.Sc.,Military Technical collage.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62320
In the physiological process, the desired signal may not be directly measurable, and the investigator may not be able to determine the signal from measurable composite signals, such as the case of the fetus ECG (F-ECG). There is a problem in extracting the F_ECG signal from the composite maternal ECG signal obtained from the abdominal lead, because the Interference maternal ECG (M-ECG) is stronger than the fetus ECG signal. In this paper, the adaptive noise canceller is presented, to detect both the maternal and fetal ECG signals separately. The proposed scheme exhibits a good performance and the maternal and fetal ECG is successfully detected.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62320.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62320_e4a661934ccac6e5c1474e31a0f7c632.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
The Use of Low Cost Dual Nostril Airflow Anemometer for the Measurement of Nasal airflow In Normal Subjects
197
206
EN
M.
M.
KHAIRY
Egyptian Armed Forces.
S.
A.
ALLAN
Egyptian Armed Forces.
S.
S.
BESAR
Egyptian Armed Forces.
I.
A.
ELFALLAL
Egyptian Armed Forces.
W.
F.
AHMED
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62325
Arabic Letters Phonetics can be divided from the point of view of nasal airflow, into nasal and non-nasal letters. A practical measurement has been carried out to define some nasal and non-nasal words. Two sets of word (nasal and non-nasal) have been selected. A new production of sensors is used to measure the airflow in each nostril during each word. The measurement is achieved over 25 normal subjects. The results are used to define the range of airflow for each nostril in each word. These ranges are considered as the standardization of the method to be used later with abnormalities. The system used in the measurement is a low cost dual nostril anemometer and the software is an objective tool for the diagnosis of nasal airway for each nostril.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62325.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62325_f7b7d6c1753870c39ecaeab482ab6cd0.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A PROTOCOL FOR CORRECTION OF MACHINE DEPENDENCY FOR ULTRASOUND IMAGING
207
217
EN
Yasser
M.
Salman
B.Sc., Graduate student, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
Ahmed
M.
Badawi
Ph.D., Dpt. Of Biomedical Eng., Faculty of Engineering,Giza, Egypt.
S.
E.
Shouman
Ph.D., Associate professor, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62329
When analyzing ultrasound images, the processed data depends strongly on the settings of the equipment. So, the overall gain, Time-Gain-Compensation(TGC) , Diffraction and Focusing, pre-and post processing of the gray levels, all play a role in the estimation of the texture parameters. To correct for these dependencies, we used images from tissue mimicking phantom with the same settings of the ultrasound equipment as during the clinical procedure. The acoustic properties of the phantom have been estimated in the device developed for acoustic microscopy. Steps of image correction are: Look Up Table (LUT) Correction, Time-Gain-Control Correction and Focusing and Diffraction Correction.
image correction,ultrasound images,texture parameters,Look Up Table (LUT) Correction,Time-Gain-Control Correction and Focusing and Diffraction Correction
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62329.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62329_6e085e521e2dcbb277c885cbfd3661b1.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
TEXTURAL SEGMENTATION OF MR BRAIN IMAGES USING FUZZY LOGIC ALGORITHMS
218
230
EN
BADAWI.
A.
M.
Ph.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering & Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62502
This paper presents novel algorithms for magnetic resonance (MR) brain images segmentation using textural analysis. Classification for MR images using features extracted from the texture is done using two algorithms, the Fuzzy Rule Based system and Fuzzy Similarity measures. The cerebral images are segmented into gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Image preprocessing was first done to improve the quality of brain MR images and reducing artifacts. The feature vector was selected to vary according to the textural structure of the images. The two algorithms are of supervised nature where in the first we build fuzzy rules while in the second we build fuzzy prototypes. The classification in the first method uses fuzzy inference and implication techniques to derive the classes of images. The classification in the second method uses pattern matching and fuzzy similarity measures. These algorithms are tested using sets of MR brain images. The results showed the efficient and robust performance of these algorithms. In this paper a comparison of these algorithms with Fuzzy C-Means algorithm based on texture features is presented.
Biomedical Application,Cerebrospinal Fluid,Feature Identification and Classification,Fuzzy C-Means,Fuzzy Logic,Fuzzy Rule-Based System,Fuzzy Similarity Measures,Gray Matter,Image Segmentation,Image processing,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Texture analysis,Supervised Learning,White Matter
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62502.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62502_1037d6993d5a534ca78752cd08887e2f.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
CORRECTION EFFECTS OF MACHINE DEPENDENCY ON THE TEXTURAL PARAMETERS OF ULTRASOUND IMAGES
231
244
EN
Ahmed
M.
Badawi
Ph.D., Dpt. Of Biomedical Eng., Faculty of Engineering,Giza, Egypt.
S.
E.
Shouman
Ph.D., Associate professor, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
Yasser
M.
Salman.
B.Sc., Graduate student, Dpt. of Electronic Eng., M.T.C, Kobry Elkobbah, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62505
In this paper we presented the effect of correction of machine dependency such as LookUpTable (LUT) correction , Time-Gain-Control(TGC) correction, Diffraction and Focusing correction on the textural parameters of ultrasound images. The group of texture parameters are: histogram parameters , coocurrance matrix parameters , first order gradient parameters , grey level run length matrix parameters ,texture feature Descriptors (TFD parameters),acoustical parameters. Mapping this parameters into color coded display improve the visual inspection to the sonographers. After correction an increase of some textural parameters and decrease of others improve the visual inspection from the ultrasonograohers point of view. These results can improve the segmentation quality of the ultrasound images that will facilitate the build of 3D ultrasound images and can have an accurate measurement from the images and from the 3D data.
LookUpTable (LUT),Time-Gain-Control(TGC),Diffraction and Focusing,textural parameters
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62505.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62505_1887793c6d4bb3ce625bf512986881c2.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
MODELING OF EGG SIGNALS USING ARMA COEFFICIENTS
245
252
EN
Shouman
E. I.
Shouman
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62507
The Electrogastrogram (EGG) is a new diagnostic tool for the stomach of the human being. Its first measurement was done 75 years ago. At first, the analysis of the EGG signals was very difficult, since the pattern of this signal shows no meaning of the stomach diseases or state. In this work, we try to represent the Stomach State using the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) Coefficients to be able in a later stage to discriminate between different stomach states (Hunger, Digestion, Before, and After Haemodialysis). Three Off-Line ARMA Coefficients estimators and an adaptive one are discussed. These techniques are applied to real EGG signals acquired cutaneously from the abdomen of the human being in one of the army hospitals. Their performances are tested and evaluated to elect one of them for later applications. The results show the efficient accuracy of the recommended algorithm.
Elecgastrogram,haemodialysis,ARMA,adaptive filter
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62507.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62507_4911763303dcf72ac446e8d0991c94cc.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Performance Improvements of Isolated Word Recognizers Based on Hidden Markov Modeling
253
263
EN
Mahmoud
E.
Gadallah
Assoc. Prof., Military Technical College.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62508
This paper introduces proposed solutions for increasing the efficiency of the isolated word recognizers (IWR) whose vocabularies comprise words with considerable difference in length. Most of the languages consist of words that have appreciable difference in the numbers of phonemes. In these cases, the recognition accuracy of the IWR systems that are based on Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) is degraded because they usually use a fixed number of states for all the vocabulary words. These proposed approaches are originally initiated to, overcome this problem for such types of vocabularies. The proposed solutions, introduced in this work, have been developed in two stages: (i) In the first stage, the HMM is allowed to construct the words models with variable number of states (VNS-HMM) according to the length of the words. The application of this idea has shown better recognition accuracy over HMM with fixed number of states (FNS-HMM). (ii) Considerable inigrovement has been achieved in the second stage in which the reference words are categorized according to their lengths and divided into subvocabularies. Due to the applications of these approaches, two other improvements have been obtained, namely, they are: (i) the ability to increase the vocabulary size; and (ii) decreasing the recognition time.
Hidden Markov Model (HMM),Isolated Word Recognition (IWR),Number of states of the HMM,Training phase,Recognition phase,Time compression. HMM with Fixed number of states (FNS-HMM),HMM With variable number of states (VNS-HMM)
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62508.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62508_77b80714e2527de4733ca5d73e17c063.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
EVALUATING SHAPE ROUGHNESS USING FRACTAL DIMENSIONS
264
277
EN
M.
SHAARAWY
IBRAHIM
Associate professor, Dpt. Of Computer & O.R., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62509
Fractal dimensions provide an objective means for comparing fractals. They are important because they can be derived from real world data, and they can be measured approximately by means of experiments. Also, they may be viewed as measurement of the shape roughness. In this work, three algorithms for evaluation of fractal dimensions are implemented. These algorithms are based on box counting approach. A comparison is made between the results of these algorithms when evaluating the fractal dimensions of some computer-generated surfaces. These surfaces are of different fractal dimensions. The results showed that the fractal dimension could be used for measuring the shape roughness with an acceptable accuracy. The results showed also that there are significant differences between these methods in accuracy, stability, reliability and the needed time for computation.
Fractal Dimensions,Box Counting,Self-Similarity,Divider Dimension,Shape Roughness
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62509.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62509_6385905ae1f86583324fd610938194f4.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR BLOCK CODING IMAGE COMPRESSION
278
290
EN
M.
SHAARAWY
IBRAHIM
Associate Professor, Dpt. of Computer & OR, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62510
This paper presents a scheme for image compression using block coding by vector quantization technique. This scheme achieves promising results in compression ratio and image quality. Although the encoding time represents a big problem in such solutions, it is improved using a self-organizing feature map (SOFM) neural network. Feature extraction reduces the dimensionality of the problem and enables the neural network to be trained on an image separate from that for testing. Although the time complexity has been reduced, the image quality is also affected by a slight value, which can be accepted in many situations.
Block Coding,Vector Quantization,Self-Organizing Feature Map,Moment Invariant,Feature Extraction
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62510.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62510_e3f80fe7c8c21e3e237d3797b7ba8976.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A HIGH-LEVEL SYNTHESIS METHODOLOGY FOR DEDICATED DSP ARCHITECTURES
291
304
EN
E.
A.
TALKHAN
Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
ALY
E.
SALAMA
Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
F.
HASHIM
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62512
In this work we present a proposed High-Level Synthesis (HLS) methodology for dedicated Digital Signal Processing (DSP) architectures. Starting from a purely behavior description of a DSP algorithm, the HLS subtasks namely: the Scheduling, the Allocation, and the Binding are performed to generate an optimized Register Transfer Level (RTL) data path structure which implements the intended behavior while satisfying the .timing constraints. The Scheduling and the Allocation subtasks are solved simultaneously in terms of an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) feasibility model. The Binding subtask is solved using a Weighted Bipartite Matching (WBM) algorithm. A 4-point FIR filter is used to demonstrate our methodology in a step wise fashion, from the initially specified behavior to the finally synthesized structure. Simulation results have proved that the finally synthesized data path is truly implementing the initially specified behavior and satisfying the timing constraints.
high-level synthesis,Digital Signal Processing,register transfer level,time-constrained optimization,weighted assignment,hardware description language
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62512.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62512_998c00fdb9fb4ae01b4b6c55f1f1c30c.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
FROM NEURAL NETWORK TO AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION SYSTEM
305
311
EN
A.
A.
Somaie
R & D Centre, EAF Cairo
A.
Badr
Comp & Sys Eng. Dep., Faculty of Eng.,
Ain Shams University, Cairo
T.
Salah
R & D Centre, EAF Cairo
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62514
In this paper, an aircraft recognition system using a neural network is presented. A 2-D perspective view of aircraft models is first normalized through the preprocessing stage using bilinear interpolation and principal component analysis. The new patterns are invariant to translation, dilation, and rotation. Then, the Kohonen and Grossberg neural networks were trained using a small number of normalized patterns. The presented algorithm was tested on partially incomplete, noisy and geometrically distorted images and it was found that the recognition performance is 100% with six referenced aircraft.
Image processing,Neural network,Pattern Recognition
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62514.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62514_96a49e21c686b15aa3ea175d8fc210f6.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A CARDIOLOGY APPLICATION USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL
312
326
EN
M.
Shokr
Dr., Dept. of Computer & Operation Research, Military Technical Collage.+
M.
Shaarawy
Ass. Prof. Dr., Dept. of Computer & Operation Research, Military Technical Collage.+
H.
Abo Elsoud
Eng., Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62515
In this paper, a Neural Network Model is designed for the classification of normal and abnormal electrocardiography (ECG) signals. Linear Prediction Coding (LPC) is used for extracting the features of the signals generated from each patient. The features of the signals are applied as inputs to train and test the Neural Network. Different Neural Network architectures investigated in order to achieve a better performance. Test results show that, the classification accuracy of the network can reach 98 %.
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN),Electrocardiograph (ECG),Back Propagation Network (BPN),Linear Prediction Coding (LPC)
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62515.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62515_8a9e8b2d7eeb49437a564cc439e7a923.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A PROPOSED METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANC OF P-TYPE InP IMPATT
327
336
EN
Hosny
A.
El-Motaafy
Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Higher Tech. Institute, 10th of Ramadan City
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62516
A special waveform is proposed and assumed to be the optimum waveform for p-type InP IMPATTs. This waveform is deduced after careful and extensive study of the performance of these devices. The results presented here indicate the superiority of the performance of the IMPATTs driven by the proposed waveform over that obtained when the same IMPATTs are driven by the conventional sinusoidal waveform. The results presented here are obtained using a full-scale computer simulation program that takes fully into account all the physical effects pertinent to IMPATT operation. In this paper, it is indicated that the superiority of the proposed waveform is attributed to its ability to reduce the bad effects that usually degrade the IMPATT performance such as the space-charge effect and the drift-velocity dropping below saturation effect. The superiority is also attributed to the ability of the proposed waveform to improve the phase relationship between the terminal voltage and the induced current.
IMPATT diode,In P,Special waveforms,Avalanche process,Space-charge effect,Drift velocity,Velocity-field characteristic,Drift-velocity dropping below saturation
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62516.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62516_9c82454355386b11c9c9cfe395ba4598.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Standard VLSI Cells For Fuzzy Logic Controller Implementation
337
345
EN
A.
K.
Taha
Ph.D., Dpt. of Elect. Eng., M.T.C.
A.
S.
Badawi
Asst. Prof., Faculty of Eng., Cairo University.
M.
M.
El-Khatib
Teach. Asst., Dpt. of Elect. Eng., M.T.C.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62517
The VLSI CAD technology has been used for development of fuzzy logic based electronic hardware. Most of the existing standard cell liberties commercially available from various VLSI CAD vendors do not include any generic standard cells library to support fuzzy logic hardware. In this paper VLSI standard cells for a membership function circuit , Max circuit, Min circuit and defuzzification circuit are introduced.
Fuzzy Logic controller,Standard fuzzy cells,VLSI implementation
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62517.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62517_ac6f430e264a6b5c3f599912c520687e.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
DESIGN,IMPLEMENTATION AND VERIFICATION OF C-BAND GAAS MESFET OSCILLATOR
346
355
EN
ABDALLA
M.
I.
Associate Professor, Comm. Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
MOSELHY
A.
M.
Ph. D., Comm. Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
ABDEL-NAZEER
A.
Ph. D., Armed Forces, Egypt.
MAGHAWRY
M.
Graduate student, Armed Forces, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62518
In this paper, the Gain Saturation Approximation method is used for the design of a 4.5 GHz GaAs MESFET Oscillator. This method is based on S-Parameter simulation of the initial oscillator topology including the transistor model. A computer-aided-design was employed for optimizing and simulating the designed circuit to obtain the conditions of oscillation. To verify this work, the optimized circuit is fabricated, by using microstrip technology, and measured. The optimized circuit is also simulated using MDS program. Good agreement between simulation and measurement is obtained.
microwave,Microstrip,Oscillator,CAD,and C-band
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62518.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62518_8e5787546df71d5b95ef2e48ea82b108.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ENHANCED PERFORMANCE OF COMPLEMENTARY GALLIUM ARSENIDE (CGAAS) CIRCUITS
357
367
EN
Khaled
Ali
Shehata
Manager of AOI VLSI Design Center, Cairo, Egypt
Douglas
J.
Fouts
ECE Department, NPS, Monterey, CA93943
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62521
The theory, design, imple -nentation and evaluation of Two-Phase Dynamic FET Logic (TPDL), a logic fami y that is compatible with the existing Complementary Gallium Arsenide (CGaAs) fabrication process and design tools, is documented. Several different logic functions have been implemented in both TPDL and static logic. A performance comparison between the TPDL and static logic circuits is also performed. TPDL circ Jits are much faster than the static circuits performing the same function becaus a the former do not use PFETs for logic expression evaluation, only for precharging. Also, TPDL circuits co: •sumes less power than static circuits because they have no short-circuit current and a reduced leakage current. The maximum operating frequency of the TPDL circuits is 2.38 GHz and they have the lowest poorer-delay product ever reported in this technology (0.01mW/gate/MHz).
TPDL,CgaAs,Dynamic Logic,VLSI and Domino Logic
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62521.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62521_8027f714696dea9a5c3b0e3cc123b9b0.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND REALIZATION IN MICROSTRIP FORM OF THE DOWNCONVERSION AND IF AMPLIFICATION PARTS OF A MICROWAVE RECEIVER
368
374
EN
Esmat
A.
A.
Professor, Det. Of Microstrip Circuits, Electronics Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
Mohammed
A.
N.
Associate Professor, Det. Of circuits & systems, M.T.C, Cairo, Egypt.
Ayman
G.
S.
MSc., Det. Of Electronic Engineering , M.T.C, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62523
By the aid of the Microwave Design System (MDS), software package, the design and analysis of the downconversion and IF amplification parts of a microwave superhytrodyne receiver, operating in the S-band, and the implementation of the designed subsystem in the microstrip form, is presented.. All individual circuits constituting this subsystem are fabricated separately and their characteristics are measured to test their performances and then the integration of these circuits is fabricated again on a single substrate and its characteristics are also tested and measured.
CAD,S-band,Microstrip,Receiver and Subsystem
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62523.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62523_a3e4949435c64f6f99c8838a1de3a815.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
EXPERIMENTAL OSCILLATOR PHASE NOISE REDUCTION TECHNIQUE
375
383
EN
H.
Kimouche
Teacher-Researcher, Dpt. Electronic, Microwaves/Radar Laboratory, Polytechnic Military School, Algiers, Algeria.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62525
This work presents a novel design methodology for reducing oscillator phase noise. This method is based on the choice of a topology of oscillator, as well as on the mastery of the nonlinear behavior of the active element. Obtained experimental results with the help of dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) are presented for different kind of transistors.
Oscillators,Phase noise,Resonator,Cavities,Phase shifter
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62525.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62525_2d3a5e95d4d0f3d516b7c9ec94532280.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERISATION OF THE DISPERSION EVOLUTION VERSUS STRETCHING IN A LARGE STROKE OPTICAL FIBRE DELAY LINE
384
392
EN
SIMOHAMED.
L.
M
Teacher Researcher, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17 Bordj El Bahri, GGA 35320 Boumerdes Algerie.
F.
REYNAUD.
F.
Professor, Equipe optique, IRCOM (UMR 6615) 123 rue A.Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex France.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62526
In the frame of a large stroke optical fibre delay line implementation, we report experimental work focused on the full analysis of chromatic dispersion evolution versus fibre stretching. The delay line is tested in a fibre Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The experimental work is carried out using a spectral analysis of the interferometric mixing. A linear variation of the second order chromatic differential dispersion is observed versus high stretching. The stretched fibre dispersion evolution is scaled by comparison with unstretched fibre samples generating an equivalent group delay.
Optical fibre,chromatic dispersion characterisation,broadband interferometry
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62526.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62526_c0e9a19cabcf46497fd8db1324d275ba.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
PERFORMANCES OF COMBINED SHUNT PASSIVE AND SERIES ACTIVE FILTERS
393
400
EN
K.
ALIOUANE
Dir. of . Electromagnetic Systems Lab., Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, EMP, Bordj-el-Bahri Alger, Algeria.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62528
Harmonics generated by converters have become a serious problem for the AC mains as they can only be removed by using bulky passive filters. Besides, the harmonic compensation by shunt passive filters may cause undesirable interferences such as resonance with the AC mains.. To solve this problem some authors have proposed a combined system of a shunt passive filter and a series active filter. This system is self-adaptable and only small power active filter is needed. The choice of the control algorithm, together with the AC mains and non-linear load parameters determine its performances. In this paper the compensation characteristics of this system are studied. The filter control system with some peculiar features is detailed, simulation and experimental results obtained by a single-phase prototype are presented.
Harmonic,Resonance,Passive Filter,Active Filter,PWM Control,IGBT
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62528.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62528_ec8a1c2fb477e735b8a63b80935aced8.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ADAPTATION OF THE ROTOR TIME CONSTANT OF INDUCTION MACHINES WITH FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL
401
410
EN
S.
REHAHLA
Dir. Labo. Power Electronics, EMP, Bordj-El-Bahri, Algiers, Algeria. Fax.+213 2 81 60 97
Kh.
DERAFA
Post-graduate Student, EMP, BP17, Bordj-El-Bahri, Algiers, Algeria. Fax.+213 2 86 32 04
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62529
Procedures for on-line adaptation of rotor time constant are allways based on error models considering two or more machine parameters. A mismatch betwen the parameters in the models and in the machine has strong influence on the adaptation quality and therefore on the result of field oriented control method . The parameter sensitivity of the adaptation method is analysed theoretically and investigated by means of simulation studies. A new approche to improve the parameter robustness by using a reactive power method. is shown.
Induction motor_ Field oriented control _ On-line adaptation procedure_ Sensitivity
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62529.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62529_a514b4ca13ec349e349de54355caae5a.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
AN IMPROVED FORMULATION FOR OPTIMAL OVERCURRENT RELAY COORDINATION USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUE
411
423
EN
Ammar
A.
Hajjar
Graduate student, Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria
A.
Y.
Abdelaziz
Assistant professor, Electrical power & Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
H.
E.A.
Talaat
Associate professor, Electircal power & Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, AM Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
A.
I.
Nosseir
Professor, Electrical power & Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62531
In this paper the problem of directional overcurrent relays coordination in interconnected power networks is presented and solved using the optimization theory. Linear programming with Simplex two-phase method is applied to minimize the operating time of the relays. The insignificance of weighting factors and far-end fault consideration in the problem formulation is proved, through a mathematical example, by simulation, mathematically, graphically and by sensitivity analysis. The current transformer (CT) selection is achieved based on the maximum load and fault currents in order to prevent the miscoordination problem resulting from CT's saturation. A complete algorithm for calculating the optimal operating times is introduced and applied to sample examples.
interconnected networks,overcurrent relay,coordination,Optimization,and enhanced formulation
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62531.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62531_1e1430d5910783e4d10789cc39eba2f2.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Tracking Control of a PM Pancake DC Motor With Fuzzy Logic Technique
424
434
EN
F.
A.
Khalifa
Professor Elec.Mach. and Power Eng.(MTC)
S.
Gawish
Asist Professor Elec.Mach. and Power Eng. (MTC)
M.
A.L
Badr
Professor Elec.Eng.Dep.(Ain Shams Univ.)
A.
Kamel
Msc,.Elec.Mach. and Power Eng. (MTC)
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62532
This paper introduces a fuzzy logic control (FLC) technique for controlling the speed of PM pancake DC motor . In this case the rotor speed of the DC motor follows an arbitrary selected trajectory . The rotor speed is given in a digital form over the control period, under different mechanical loading conditions. These are, constant load, linear load and quadratic load.<br />The control objective is to achieve accurate trajectory control of the speed , for motors of different parameters and different loading conditions. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is efficient in speed tracking of DC motors in comparison with conventional PI controller.
Fuzzy logic controller(FLC), PM disc,type DC motor , PI control , high performance drive system
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62532.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62532_4e9c5fa766981af79895c669bc1a9f58.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
SYSTEMATIC DESIGN PROCEDURE OF SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTORS
435
448
EN
Amged
El-Wakeel
M. Sc. , Dept. Of Elect. Power & Energy, Egyptian Armed Forces.
Said
A.
Gawish
Associate professor, Dept. Of Elect. Power & Energy, Egyptian Armed Forces.
M.
A. L.
Badr
Professor, Dept. Of Elect. Power & Machines, Faculty of engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62535
While numerical analysis techniques, such as a finite element analysis and boundary element analysis, have been presented as an accurate tool for design and simulation of Switched Reluctance Motors, they do not give any method of a systematic design procedure with a minimum computational effort. Besides, They have not introduced any matching with the conventional design approaches used in classical machine design. This paper presents a systematic design procedure based on magnetic circuit analysis and standard proportion among motor parts to determine the motor dimensions. The proposed procedure is generally structured to run on personal computers to design and simulate any permissible specifications, in a few minutes. It has been shown that, for fast and more traditional design, no numerical techniques are needed, since the magnetic circuit analysis is more simple and complete in itself. The proposed program is not limited only to the motor iron and copper dimensions, but also estimates many of performance indices such as output power density, generalized power factor, losses and efficiency.
Switched Reluctance Motors,Design of Electrical Machines
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62535.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62535_52d95835dd9dab92f87362096833ad4f.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A Study and Implementation of Optical Laser-Based Ranging Systems
449
457
EN
G.
Fahim
National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Cairo, Egypt.
A.
S.
GERGES
Egyptian Armed Forces.
E.
A.
Mehanna
Egyptian Armed Forces.
S.
M.
Alian
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62537
The increased requirements on ranging precision in many military, industrial and astronomical applications illustrate the importance of the Laser ranging systems (called Laser radar) as a modern ranging system. In this paper, the authors study the main features of laser ranging systems in its two main modes, the pulsed mode and the continuous wave subcarrier mode (CWSM). The main advantages of each mode are discussed then proved out by experimental data given by the satellite ranging system Helwan and an experimental setup built on the bases of CWSM. These results show good agreement with that expected theoretically.
Laser ranging,Laser rader,laser range finder,LIDAR,Ladar,Laser metrology,Laser systems,Optical ranging
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62537.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62537_87b81c45a84d2cb9df5edfea6e59848a.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT AND THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS OF MINIMUM RESOLVABLE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE OF THERMOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS
458
469
EN
Elfallal
L.
A.
Ass. Prof. Dr., Egyptian Armed Forces.
Saad
S. M.
S.
Ass. Prof. Dr., Egyptian Armed Forces.
Wakkaf
K.
Y.
M.Sc. Student, Syrian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62542
First and second generation of infrared (IR) systems are characterized by their variation in the measurement of the Minimum Resolvable Temperature Difference (MRTD). This paper is directed toward the basic measurement of MRTD for both generations of IR systems. Concepts and theory behind the measurment were addressed. The MRTD used for modern systems production and development was introduced. A practical measurement procedure for laboratory imaging scanner type system results and data analysis are also provided. A discussion of the challenges of evaluating new systems such as staring arrays and second generation digital IR systems and the requirements for both horizontal and vertical MRTD measurements are also provided.
IR sensors,Minimum Resolvabl Temperature Difference,MRTD,and Thermographic system measurement
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62542.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62542_6b27c09630d467a4a44c42b6e6b68f91.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
DESIGN OF INFRARED THERMOGRAPHIC SYSTEM FOR POSITIONING AND COORDINATION
470
485
EN
Elfallar
I.
A.
Asst. Prof. — Egyptian Armed Forces.
Saad
S. M.
S.
Asst. Prof. - Egyptian Armed Forces.
Elmehrez
N.
H.
Syrian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62544
Thermography and spectroradiometry are very strong tools for night vision and target detection. Starers and scanners were normally used for imaging of targets without the existence of a facility to locate these targets. An imaging technique in which the determination of targets location is presented. In this design of the imaging system, the frequency-modulated reticle was used instead of the chopper. Through the method of arc length differentiation, after demodulation, the output signal is obtained. The analysis showed that the design was strongly dependent on geometrical parameters instead of time. Using the point model results to analyze the parameters of the designed system, the imaging system can be used to locate the targets. In this work, a case study was presented and analyzed, to show how the thermographic system can be used for target coordination.
thermographic system,imaging,starers,scanners
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62544.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62544_e7472d714cc1f462bf4551880451cf81.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Ejected Plasma Parameters from Coaxial Discharge
486
494
EN
E.
A.
Mehanna
Ass. Prof. Eng., Physics Dept., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62545
The main interest of this paper is to study the properties of plasma ejected from a coaxial discharge into an expansion chamber. It has been shown that the velocity of expanded plasma is near to that of sound similar to that of laser - produced plasma from a target. It has been found that the plasma expanded adiabatically in a shell like shape. The temperature and density spatial variation has been presented. The investigations have been carried out for a working argon gas of 0.1 torr pressure at peak discharge current of 38 kA with rise time of 6.2 μs.
Ejected Plasma,Coaxial Discharge,Expansion Chamber
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62545.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62545_6bedde134a7f337b0ca57c7fa853ae70.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Effect of Metal Additive on the Electrical Properties of Glassy Ge-Te
495
504
EN
S.
A.
Fayek
Department of Physics, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
S.
M.
EL Sayed
Department of Physics, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
El-Sayed.
A.
Mehana
Department of Physics, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
A.
M.
Hamza
Department of Physics, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62546
Ternary compositions Ge1Te4 (In. or Cu.) with x= 0.05 and 0.1 were prepared by conventional melt-quenching. Thin films of these compositions were deposited by thermal evaporation with thickness 300 nm. Dependence of d.c conductivity on compositions has been reported. It was found that the activation energy decreases with increasing additive (In or Cu). The obtained results have been interpreted in the frame of the model proposed by Mott and Davis (1979). The ac electrical properties of adding Cu or In to amorphous GeTe system have been measured in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 100KHz and temperature range (303-208)K. It is found that, in Ge1Te4 (In. or Cu. ) compositions where x is limited to x=0.05 and x=0.1, the change of conductivitycracdeFends linearly on the frequency and temperature. The value of the exponent (S) in all this system is reasonably interpreted by the correlated barrier-hopping model (CBH). The analysis of the results reveals that electronic conduction of Ge1Te4 (Inx or Cu.) takes place via bipolaron hopping. The dielectric investigation provides a fundamental method for studying the rotational and hopping electron processes involved in conduction. Conductivity values, which depend on the glass microstructure, are observed as a term of cohesive energy, expre-ssed by the force of binding ions. An attempt has been made to evaluate this correlation. The experimental results support to some extent the above criterion in the case of Ge1Te4 (In. or Cu.) ternary alloy.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62546.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62546_8d0b2c269dccec94ec7f5ea180760629.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF DOPED AND UNDOPED ZINC OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR VIA SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE UNDER ULTRASONIC WAVES EFFECTS
505
513
EN
Fayed
M.
Sh.
Egyptian Military forces.
Gouda
Sh.
R.
Egyptian Military forces.
Awwad
S.
A.
Egyptian Military forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62549
Research on advanced materials continues to develop along lines related to specific applications. Being the cheapest material with diverse applications in electronics, zinc oxide was selected to synthesize via the sol-gel technique under the effect of ultrasonic waves. It was prepared from the hydrolysis reaction of zinc acetate dihydrate in ethanolic solution at 80°C, followed by the condensation step catalyzed by lithium hydroxide under the effect of ultrasonic waves. Formamide in 30% by volume was used as a drying control chemical additive. Zinc oxide thin films were doped by antimony oxide resulting from the incorporation of SbCI3 with variable concentrations during the preparation of zinc oxide colloidal system. The thin zinc oxide films were made on glass microscope slides and calcined at 600°C. The characteristics of these films were studied via the IR, SEM, near IR transmittance and electric conductivity.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62549.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62549_25a10ad62c987658afda401c179649c1.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ORGANIC CONDUCTORS BASED ON POLY(P-ANISIDINE)
514
524
EN
M.
S.
Fayed
Egyptian Military Forces.
M.
A.
Radwan
Egyptian Military Forces.
S.
R.
Gouda
Egyptian Military Forces.
M.
A.
Borham
Egyptian Military Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62550
Polyansidine organic conductor, was chemically synthesized, via the chemical oxidation of ansidine by persulfate anion in aqueous solution . The prepared polymer was characterized by different methods of analysis such as: thermogravimetric analysis, electric conductivity, infrared and UV—visible absorption spectroscopy. Polyansidine showed good yield and intermediate electrical conductivity (σ =5 S/cm). This conductivity assigns it as a semiconductor material. The present work investigates the method of preparation and characterization.
Anisidine,organic conductor,electric conductivity,chemical oxidation,aromatic,amines,and polymerization
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62550.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62550_ed2088fbdec756bc160ad109af8ba108.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ANALYSIS OF THE QUEUEING BEHAVIOR OF AUTOMATIC ESM SYSTEMS
525
538
EN
M.
H.
El-Ayadi
Professor of signals & systems - Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
K.
El-Barbary
Egyptian Armed Forces.
H.
E.
Abou-Bakr
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62554
Radar electronic support measures (ESM) system are responsible of threat detection and area surveillance to determine the identity and bearing of the surrounding active emitters. The high arrival rate of radar pulses in dense emitter environments demands fast automatic processing of arriving pulses so that the ESM system can fulfill its functions properly in real time. Yet, the performance analysis of automatic ESM system is usually encountered with the difficulty that both pulse arrivals and widths can be specified only probabilistically [1,2,3]. The success of Queueing theory [4,5] in many applications such as computer communication networks and flow-control has encouraged designers to utilize queueing theory in qualifying and judging the performance of automatic ESM systems in dense emitter environments. The queueing behavior of these systems is analytically evaluated in this paper under different service disciplines and the results are validated by elaborating computer simulations. The analysis involves statistical modeling of arrival and departure processes as well as distribution of service times. It permits estimating the blocking probability due to high arrival rates of intercepted radar pulses or due to limited speed of the deinterleaver processor. The analysis also indicates some system configuration trade-offs.
Radar pulses,deinterleaver algorithms,sorting and radar cells
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62554.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62554_5943aeb039e474e490facccfba8863fb.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ENHANCED ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHMS FOR FAST RADAR THREATS IDENTIFICATION
539
550
EN
E.
E.
Azzouz
Egyptian Armed Forces.
M.
Shoker
Egyptian Armed Forces.
El-barbary
El-barbary
Egyptian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62555
In this paper, an enhanced algorithm for radar threat identification and based on the artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed. Four radar parameters are used as the inputs for the suggested ANNs. These parameters are: 1) the radio frequency, 2) the pulse repetition frequency, 3) the pulse width, and 4) the scan rate. A lot of work has been done to select the suitable structure of the ANNs. The chosen ANNs achieve minimum sum square errors and short time training. Also, they provide the highest success rate over all the examined networks. It is found that, one can choose a single hidden layer ANN structure with 12 nodes in the hidden layer or a double hidden layer with six nodes in each hidden layer. These ANN provide 100% success rate. Due to the simplicity of the ANNs structure, it can be used for on-line analysis. To use the developed ANN algorithms for radar threat identification in the on-line analysis, the main requirement is to finish the training phase beforehand.
Radar Identifications,Neural Networks
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62555.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62555_077d82fd61aa2a9f41db725d75292718.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A GLOBAL APPROACH TO OBJECTIVE EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCES OF RADAR SYSTEMS
551
566
EN
M.
Hatem
ElAyadi
Professor of Signals and Systems, Faculty of Computer and Information Systems, AM-Shams University, Cairo, EGYPT
Fawzy
Ibrahim
The author is with the Military Technical College, Kobri El-Kobba, Cairo, EGYPT
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62559
The classical approach to objective evaluation of radar performance utilizes appropriate forms of radar range equation to compute the radar range versus different detection probabilities for a given false-alarm probability. This approach implies full prior knowledge of radar system parameters, losses, and signal processing as well as accurate specification of the environment, whether it is a clear or an ECM one. The classical approach involves heavy computations and analysis and the evaluation is environment dependent. The present paper generalizes an approach started by Nengjing in 1985 for deriving formulas for calculation of radar anti-clutter, anti-jamming, and generalized ECCM capabilities. This new approach avoids most of the problems encountered by the classical one and facilitates comparison of radars with different structures but are candidates for same application. The present paper provides more comprehensive objective evaluation of the potential radar performance with better precision of the expressions for the quality levels. A procedure for assigning technical weights to radars in competition is suggested. Examples are given to show the potential of the proposed global<br />approach.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62559.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62559_c73416bb598ea3f88ba6369d025c46b1.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ON THE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND SPECIFICATION OF A RADAR PROXIMITY FUSE
567
575
EN
A.
H.
ASSEESY
Ph.D., EW Engineering Department, MTC,.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62561
In this paper the main aspects, system specification, architecture and design of radar proximity fuses are discussed. Complete analytical expressions have been developed by the author and numerical results have been achieved in typical cases. Different principles for radar proximity fuses are analyzed and compared and a hybrid fuse architecture has been proposed. The most important design criteria for the proposed fuse have been discussed and analyzed. Calculated results have been introduced in tabular and graphical forms.
radar proximity fuse,Doppler fuse,energy fuse,height resolution,hybrid fuse,chopping,duty ratio,chopping rate,accumulated energy
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62561.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62561_864f0fcbd00aa819716373ff741b89d3.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
AGC DECEPTION: PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF JAMMING WAVEFORM PARAMETERS
576
585
EN
A.
H.
ASSEESY
Ph.D., EW Engineering Department, MTC,.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62564
This paper analyses the transient and steady state performances of a typical missile receiver AGC system. The analysis is done under the effect of periodic ON-OFF switching of a repeater jamming signal, both in the presence and in the absence of<br />the useful target-reflected signal. Exact formulae are derived for the resulting "blanking times". The most 'suitable values for the jamming waveform time parameters are deduced for maximum possible suppression of the useful signal mplitude measurement process.
Blanking times,IF gain,FB filter,Regulation characteristics,contour s of constant gain,jamming repetition period,jamming duty ratio,suppression ratio
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62564.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62564_329e4f1d5f80d36a9aaf92b2061cf808.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Performance Enhancement of a Long Range Missile Using HoRobust Control Design
586
595
EN
G.
A.
El-Sheikh
Egyptian Army (Military Technical College and Air Defense College).
A.
G.
El-Melegy
Egyptian Army (Military Technical College and Air Defense College).
I.
M.
El-Arabawy
Alexandria University.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62568
A distinguishing feature of aerospace applications is the large envelope of operation in which the process is usually highly nonlinear and has different characteristics from one operating condition to another. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to design an autopilot that can cope with modeling errors, plant parameters variations, external disturbances and unmodeled dynamics, besides providing good performance and high stability. To achieve this objective, an adequate nonlinear mathematical model representing the dynamical behavior of the missile was derived (previous work) from which the linearized model for the underlying missile is obtained. A robust flight control system or autopilot is designed, for precise tracking, using (1) classical control design technique (previous work) and (2) Mixed sensitivity IL control design technique, the contribution of this paper. The paper presents, briefly, different issues in robust control highlighting the robustness to different sources of uncertainty for the purpose of achieving good tracking and disturbance rejection, and preserving the system internal stability. Then it summarized some of the controller design techniques including classical and advanced methods such as mixed sensitivity H n . Then, the structure of the underlying missile control system with the performance requirements imposed on it is developed. Finally, the design trials and analysis of the flight control system are carried out using the above techniques with the objective to satisfy the performance requirements including good tracking and disturbance rejection in presence of =nodded dynamics. The H has good robustness compared to<br />the classical. However, the 1-1,0 controller has higher order. Therefore, this technique needs to be investigated more with the system, giving more attention to the weight selection and its order, the crucial point in its design.
Guidance and Control,Robust Control,optimal control,Polynomial Techniques
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62568.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62568_6f90eeed072a79187ea83ff0f0430455.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
FUSING AND ARMING SYSTEMS FOR SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILES
596
608
EN
Khaled
G.
Aly
Ph.D. student, Syrian Army
Mohsen
S.
Aly
Ass. Prof, Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62571
The efficiency of the anti-aircraft guided missile does not depend only upon the correct choice of the guidance and control systems, but also upon the correct choice of the warhead explosion instant. Large projectiles and all surface-to-air missiles carry warheads. There are many types of warheads. The fragmentation type is usually used in the surface-to-air missiles. A fuse is required in all projectiles and missiles equipped with warheads. There are different types of proximity fuses, but the radio fuse type is almost usually used for the anti-aircraft missiles. It reacts on the reflected radio signals from the engaged target and makes the warhead explodes within the effective distance from the target. The optimum operation of the fusing system results in maximum probability of target destruction. That situation is achieved by the complete coincidence between the fuse activation zone and the target destruction zone. The radio fuse activation zone is determined by the fuse antenna radiation pattern. However, the target destruction zone is determined by the relative velocities of the fragments with respect to the target velocity in the space. This coincidence is verified by different techniques as varying the initiation instant of the warhead, moving the radio fuse antenna radiation pattern in the space, changing the pyrotechnic exploder position on the warhead detonation tube, and rotating the warhead around an axis perpendicular to the missile longitudinal axis. In this paper, the variation of the explosion instant of the warhead is discussed. A computational algorithm is developed to solve the mathematical model of a typical anti-aircraft radio fusing and arming systems. A computer code written with C language is then built to obtain numerical results. The number of fragments that hit the target, which is taken as a measure to the kill probability, is calculated for various engagement geometries. The effect of the final miss distance and missile and target velocities on the destruction probability level is computed. Results show that with a RC integrating circuit being employed as a decision circuit, reasonable destruction probability can be achieved for a wide variety of engagement scenarios. However better results can be achieved with more intelligent circuits being employed.
Guidance and Control,Radar,and Radio Fuse
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62571.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62571_645350464cd7c0b3400adbf3642dcf26.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A MODIFIED GO-CFAR PROCESSOR. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION USING PLDs.
609
620
EN
FATHY.
M.
ABDEL KADER
Post graduate student, Main Workshops for Radar Equipment, Cairo, Egypt
ALI
M.
ABOU ZEID
Dr., Technical Research Center of the Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
NABIL
GIRGIS
M.
Associate professor, Dpt. Of Radar and Guidance. MTC, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62574
Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processors are useful for detecting radar targets in background noise for which all parameters of its statistical distribution are not known and may be non-stationary. The well known "Cell Averaging " (CA)-CFAR processor exhibits severe performance degradation in regions of abrupt change in the background clutter power. The " Greatest Of " (GO)-CFAR processor specially designed to control the false alarm rate during clutter power transition. A modification of the GO-CFAR processor is proposed Analysis for the selection of the sampling rate, window length, word length, and multiplication factor is introduced. The proposed design gives an improvement in detection capability and resolution of decision with a great reduction in hardware complexity. A further reduction in hardware complexity is obtained by using programmable logic devices (PLDs). These devices increase the effectively of using software in hardware which in turns, provide flexibility, modularity, expandability maintainability, and reduce size, cost, time and effort.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62574.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62574_44e5612232101951dddd6dbd9d91bd29.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
AN ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING THE AERODYNAMIC DERIVATIVES OF A SUPER-SONIC MISSILE
621
635
EN
K.
G.
Aly
Ph.D. student, Syrian Army
G.
A.
El-Sheikh
Dr. , Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62576
Determination of the aerodynamic derivatives is considered as an essential procedure when analyzing the flight path trajectory. This trajectory is determined by the aerodynamic forces and moments; which are functions of these derivatives. So, as accurately these derivatives are calculated as accurately the flight path trajectory will be determined. Thus, calculation of the aerodynamic derivatives is necessary for a six-degree-of-freedom missile trajectory simulation. Aerodynamics is part of the missile's airframe subsystem, the other major parts being propulsion and structure. The aerodynamics is closely related to the autopilot and controls that, in turn, form a part of the overall guidance loop. To evaluate the guidance, control, and autopilot behavior, it is required to achieve the three-dimensional representation of the aerodynamic forces and moments coefficients. The intent of the three dimensional representation of aerodynamics is to be able to analyze the missile performance throughout its potential operational regime and not just in the neighborhood of the trim points. The six-degree-of-freedom trajectory simulation, using these three dimensional data, can be used to predict missile performance against maneuvering targets and to troubleshoot flight problems by reconstructing the flight trajectory from on-board measurements of missile parameters. This paper presents an algorithm for calculating the aerodynamic derivatives of a supersonic missile. This algorithm depends on many parameters such as missile aerodynamic configuration shape and dimensions, atmospheric data, positions of center of gravity and center of pressure, angle of attack, side slip angle, control surfaces deflections, and a set of the aerodynamic based data and NASA curves. The atmospheric data are the air density, pressure of the air, the air viscosity and speed of sound. A mathematical model is provided. Software package in the MATLAB environment is developed to calculate the aerodynamic coefficients. The intent from determination of these coefficients is to calculate the aerodynamic forces and moments that affect on the missile during its flight in order to determine the missile trajectory and evaluate the missile control and guidance systems. The effect of the aerodynamic derivatives on the flight path trajectory is analyzed. This effect is discussed in two cases: the simplified case and the complete case. In the simplified case these derivatives are calculated in the supersonic speeds and estimated in the subsonic and transonic ranges. In the complete case these derivatives are calculated in the subsonic, transonic and supersonic speeds. The results show that the complete case is the better case from the viewpoint of the flight parameters (smallest miss distance and smallest normal acceleration).
Aerodynamics,Guidance and Control,and Mechanics of flight
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62576.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62576_1c63ccecf31d2c9a1a8b572d3f9404ed.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
FUZZY LOGIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION BASED ON CONTROL SYSTEM OF THREE AXIS GEOSYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE
636
647
EN
Gamal
M.I.
Selim
Ph.D., Dept. of radar and guidance, Egyptian armed force
Ayman
Elshabrawy
Msc, Egyptian armed force
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62584
In the last decade fuzzy logic control became one of the most important fields in artificial intelligence and process control applications. Fuzzy logic controller is a rule based controller that uses information in the same manner as human experts and does not require the complex mathematics associated with classical control techniques. This paper investigate the possibilities of applying fuzzy logic control system in both pitch and roll-yaw channels for a three axis geosynchronous satellite which required more accurate response compared to industrial processes.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62584.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62584_cb0a390dc096768047ef14f62f2ddb17.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
THREE AXIS STABILIZATION SATELLITE MODELING AND ITS CONTROL SYSTEM
648
662
EN
Gamel
M.I.
Selim
Ph.D, Dept of radar and guidance ,Egyption armed force
Ayman
Elshabrawy
Msc, Egyptian armed force.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62585
Satellite control is considered as one of the most modern spacecraft technology. The main advantage of satellite is its ability to obtain a global look at large area of the earth's surface, therefor a system of three satellites in geosynchronous orbit can cover almost all of the earth's surface. This led to the application of satellites in several areas, such as communications by high frequency line-of -sight radio links, photography for meteorology, earth resources and navigation for aircraft and ships.This paper introduce the design and the computer simulate of the attitude control system for three axis stabilization satellite
Satellite,Three axes stabilization
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62585.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62585_4814765c576186f4a4c49a050dc2e0c6.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
COMPUTER BASED IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CAR CARBURETOR SYSTEM
663
674
EN
GAMAL
M. I.
SELIM
Dr., Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
MAHMOUD
M. A.
ASHRY
M.Sc. student, Radar and Guidance Dpt., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62587
This paper presents the design and implementation of a computer based system to control the fuel to air ratio in a car carburetor system. The mathematical model of the system is introduced, the PID controller design is elaborated and the simulation results are obtained. Finally, the implementations of the controller using analog PID and digital PID are introduced and compared.
PID controller stands for proportional,integral,and derivative controller
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62587.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62587_04962e1c12b9b903144cf040b6d95724.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Power Spectrum Estimation and Rational Modeling of Random Processes
675
684
EN
Nabil
A.
Amin
Lecturer, Dpt. of Electronics and Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62591
A new technique is derived to estimate the signal power spectrum density (PSD) and hence its autcorrelation lags. Several simulation results have been given to show the results accuracy. Based on the knowledge of the correlation lags, several approaches to fit the signal or random process to rational models as to approximate the spectrum to these models transfer functions square are considered. The model coefficients results are given and commented as well to be referred with other advanced approaches in the field.
signal processing,power spectrum estimation,rational models,random processes
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62591.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62591_af474948195acccb34a4eec52c0f9033.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
Performance of WPDM in AWGN and Timing Error for Different Types of Wavelet packet Basis Functions
685
691
EN
Said
E.
El-Khamy
Fellow IEEE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University
Ehab
Sabry
Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science and Technology
Sherif
H.
Nour EI-Din
Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science and Technology
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62593
Wavelet packet division multiplexing (WPDM) is a high capacity, flexible and robust orthogonal multiplexing technique in which wavelet packet basis functions are chosen as the coding waveforms. This paper simulates different types of signals of wavelet packet division multiplexing transmitter-receiver system operating in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The interference caused by timing offset in transmission is also examined by Monte Carlo simulation method to indicate that wavelet packets appear to be promising waveforms in multiple signal transmission techniques.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62593.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62593_b1b12bdf5c304f535f2ecd697863dbfb.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
A NEW APPROACH FOR EDGE DETECTION BY USING THE OTF OF THE CAMERA
692
698
EN
RACHID
BOUMAZA
Teacher researcher, Laboratory of Automatic, EMP, Algiers, Algeria
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62594
One of the most investigated problems which exist in image processing is to find the optimal method to extract the different features(edges, regions,...) of the image.<br />The main source of these problems is the diversity of images because they are obtained under different conditions of illumination and by different sensors. So a lot of algorithms are proposed to extract these features and any one of the algorithms gives good results in all cases with all images. So the idea is to find an algorithm which depends only on the used camera as the OTF (Optical transfer function). The majority of methods are based on the relation :<br />Image output = Image input * filter<br />So<br />a 2 Image output = Image input * a 2 filter axay Nay<br />In practice we use directly the second relation, we apply a convolution product between the image and a mask, in reality the coefficients of the mask are the derivative coefficients of the filter. This relation shows that the image is always forced to be filtered with a certain filter as gauss filter, mean filter, ...etc . In reality the final contour image is not of the original image but it is the contour of the filtered image. So my method is different, I use a relation which is obtained with image restoration model including the OTF function.
Extraction of edge,Convolution,Optical transfer function,modulation transfer function,'phase transfer function
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62594.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62594_716f0df50a70f2fb832894d73f1149a7.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
IMAGE CODING USING HYBRID VECTOR QUANTIZATION
699
706
EN
M.
S
Djouadi
Robotic laboratory, Military Polytechnic School. BP 17 , Bordj el Bahri, Algiers Algeria
D.
Berkani
Electric and Computer Engineering, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique. El - Harrach Algiers, Algeria
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62595
Statistic approach of vector quantization uses code-books of rounded vectors which allow quasi-optimal coding for a given rate. Therefore these code-books have no structure and require big memory size. Regular lattices of points give the possibility of generating a great number of points from a short number of vectors. This can permit us to solve the problems of the statistic approach. However the lattices presents their own problem, effectively they are only applied for uniform distribution sources. In order to avoid these two kinds of problems, another approach is investigated; It consists of designing a new quantizer by combining the two techniques. In this paper, we present this approach which we call hybrid; first few statistic vectors of the source are performed by using the LBG (Linde, Buzo and Gray) algorithm [2], then each of them leads to a Gosset lattice. The results obtained in image coding are also presented.
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62595.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62595_0adcbfae56949eb12badb9b48b1d28da.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
DETECTION AND REMOVAL OF IMPULSE NOISE IN DIGITAL IMAGES
707
715
EN
FAYED
K.
A.
Ph. D., Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
SHOUMAN
S.
E.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
ALIAN
S.
M.
Professor, Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
MAHMOUD
T.
A.
B. Sc., Dpt. of Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62597
A new method is proposed to eliminate impulsive noise in digital images. The method is based on impulse noise detection by means of a self-organizing neural network and a class of noise-exclusive filters. The filtering scheme presented can suppress impulse noise effectively while preserving image edges and fine details. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the noise-exclusive filters is superior to that of the traditional median filter family.
Self-organizing neural network,Impulse noise removal,Noise-exclusive filtering,Digital image processing
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62597.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62597_4d895f6b9abb3585f2d38364d1fabe09.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
ADAPTIVE LINE ENHANCEMENT IN PRESENCE OF IMPULSIVE AND GAUSSIAN NOISES
716
725
EN
M.
E.
Gadallah
Ass. Prof Military Technical College
E.
I.
Eweda
Prof. Dr., Military Technical College
E.
A.
Soleit
Ass. Prof., Military Technical College
M.
D.
Kheder
Ph. D. Student, Military Technical College
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62598
In this paper, a proposed scheme for an adaptive line enhancement (ALE) in presence of impulsive and Gaussian noises is presented. The proposed scheme is composed of an adaptive line enhancer and a median filter. The object of this scheme is to obtain a best estimate of the desired signal which is combined with an additive impulsive and Gaussian noise at very low input signal to noise ratio. The median filter is used mainly to remove the impulsive noise from the input observation. The resulting signal is applied to the adaptive line enhancer to obtain a good estimate of the desired signal. The adaptive line enhancer is implemented by an adaptive transversal filter whose output is assumed as a good estimate of the desired signal based on the minimization of the mean square error criterion. The filter coefficients are updated according to the least mean square (LMS) adaptation algorithm. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in presence of the impulsive and Gaussian noise. It is concluded that using the adaptive line enhancer and median filter exhibits a better performance than that of the stand alone adaptive line enhancer.
Adaptive line enhancer,adaptive filter,adaptation algorithm,median filter,Impulsive noise,Gaussian noise
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62598.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62598_1d89e99d794486be600dfc95c67d945e.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
BAUD DURATION ESTIMATION USING FAST COMPUTEDSPECTRAL CORRELATION FUNCTION OF M-ARY PSK SIGNALS
726
734
EN
E.
I.
Eweda
Egyptian Armed Forces.
K.
El-barbary
Egyptian Armed Forces.
E.
E.
Azzouz
Egyptian Armed Forces.
A.
Al-Makhlouf
Syrian Armed Forces.
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62600
This paper is concerned with the baud duration estimation of M-ary PSK signals with M=2, and 4. The baud duration is one of the important parameters to intercept, and recognize digitally modulated signals as well as to determine the optimum jamming for them. The proposed method for baud duration estimation is based on the computation of the spectral correlation function of a signal. The proposed method for baud duration estimation provides reliable and accurate results at weak SNR. It is found that, a good estimation for baud duration of M-ary PSK signals at the SNR of —5 dB is available. Also, in this paper a new method for fast computation of the spectral correlation function is provided.
Cyclostationary,cyclic autocorrelation,spectral correlation function,baud duration estimation
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62600.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62600_2ae26fd83f64c2415fdad7820b410e89.pdf
Military Technical College
The International Conference on Electrical Engineering
2636-4433
2636-4441
2
2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 1999
1999
11
01
AN IMPROVED FINGERPRINT CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE
735
743
EN
Wafaa
M.
Shalash
Scholarship student, Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
Fatma
Abou-Chadi
Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
10.21608/iceeng.1999.62601
This paper presents an automatic fingerprint classification technique similar to that reported in [2] but, an inverse filtering technique was introduced to restore the distorted parts of the images prior to the feature extraction stage. The results have shown that introducing the inverse filter stage has improved the percentage of correct classification. It reaches 97.5% compared to the 95% correct classification obtained using the previously reported technique.
Fingerprint classification,Image processing,Neural networks classifiers,Bio metrics
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62601.html
https://iceeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_62601_55274badba07189e7ed8bc85f01a9f21.pdf