Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301SQUARING UP AND REGULATION IN A CLASS OF LINEAR MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS176006610.21608/iceeng.1998.60066ENM. I.El SingabyAir Defence College, Eltabia, Alexandria , Egypt.Journal Article20191118Non-square linear multivariable systems means that the number of inputs and the number of outputs of these systems are not equal. This type of systems has certain difficulties in many control aspects. Squaring a non-square multivariable system, is done by making the number of inputs equal to the number of output; this is accomplished either by squaring up or by squaring down operations. In this paper the problem of squaring up certain non-square linear multivariable system is solved by finding additional inputs or outputs such that the resulting square system has arbitrarily zero locations. The problem of regulation of this type of multivariable systems is tackled, based on the fact that non-square linear multivariable systems almost always possess no zeros. The zeros introduced by squaring up operations, are located at the position of an equal number of system poles and consisting fixed modes. By using certain output feedback, developed by the parameters of the system, the remaining poles are asymptotically assigned to arbitrary locations and the output response is nearly regulated. The proposed method is simple, efficient and easily programmed using MATLAB to deal with practical large scale systems.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Closed Form Solution Of A Class Of Nonlinear Circuits Using Normal Forms8176006810.21608/iceeng.1998.60068ENAbdel-KarimAboul-HassanFaculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Abdel-Monem Abdel-BaryNasserAir Defense college, Alexandria, Egypt.Abdel-AzeeinMohamedAir Defense college, Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20191118ibis paper presents a method for obtaining closed form expressions for a class of nonlinear circuits of autonomous and nonamonomous types .The method depends on the theory of normal forms. It overcomes the drawbacks confronted by other methods such as harmonic balance, voiterra series and direct integration. This method also is suitable for the investigation of periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic behaviors.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301GLQG Controller Design for the Polynomial Systems18296007110.21608/iceeng.1998.60071ENGamal A.El-SheikhLecturer (B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., MIEEE) in the Guidance Department, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191118The solution of polynomial controller design is usually reduced to certain polynomial operations. However, these operations are given in an abstract form without clear mathematical reasoning. Therefore, this paper is devoted to present a novel derivation for the problem of polynomial generalized-linear-quadratic-gaussian (GLQG) control following a systematic approach for the derivation and considering a more general plant-structure that contains colored input disturbance and measurement noise. The presentation of the theory comes in a more concise, clear and general form to help those looking to use it without any details as well as those looking for detailed understanding and tailoring the theory to their problems. The cost function includes dynamic weighting elements allowing integral action to be introduced and robustness characteristics to be modified. Thus, the novelty of the paper stems from the fact that it presents the proof in a novel approach for a general plant structure which covers any special case in reality. The paper is supplemented with design steps and two numerical examples: one is a continuous time system and the other is a discrete time system.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301ADAPTIVE NEURAL NETWORK FOR REAL-TIME TRACKING CONTROL OF A DRIVE SYSTEM30386007310.21608/iceeng.1998.60073ENR. S.AhmedAssistant Professor, Dept. of Elect. Eng.. Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt 11792.O. H.AbdallaProfessor, Dept. of Elect. Eng.. Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt 11792.Journal Article20191118Neural Networks are attractive alternative to the classical techniques for identification and control of complex physical systems, because of their ability to learn and approximate functions. This paper presents the development and implementation of adaptive Multilayer Neural Network (MNN) controller in real-time for a drive system. A MNN is first trained off-line to learn (identify) the inverse dynamics of the system, after the training is successfully completed, the MNN is used as a feedforward controller in the control scheme. The advantage of the proposed controller is that the MNN is permanently training. On-line learning is applied while the system is under control to capture any system parameter variations or disturbances. Simulation results are presented to show the advantages of adaptive MNN controller compared to non-adaptive MNN controller. Also, experimental results show that the adaptive MNN controller is able to control the speed trajectory of the chive system with a high degree of accuracy, even in the presence of disturbances.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301A CONJUGATE GRADIENT TECHNIQUE FOR OPTIMAL FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL OF HIGHLY COMPLEX DYNAMIC SYSTEM39466007410.21608/iceeng.1998.60074ENI. H.KhalifaProf, Dept. of Elect. Machines and Power Engineering, Helwan University.A. H.El-AssalAssistant Prof., Dept. of Elect. Machines and Power Engineering, Helwan University.M. H.SalehEngineer, Maintainance Head. Faculty of Engineering at Helwan. Helwan University.Journal Article20191118The paper presents a novel approach for the application of adaptive fuzzy logic control' algorithm. The aim of this adaptive system is to minimize an objective function in the output error via varying the center of each label. The model inependency characteristics of the fuzzy controller allows simple calculation and low implementation cost which are highly recommended features in control industry. A conjugate gradient technique is applied in this paper to inqiiinize the error in least square sense. A real time nonlinear dynamic system is used to ensure the effectiveness of tAe proposed control scheme.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF STUDENTS Individual DIFFERENCES47606007610.21608/iceeng.1998.60076ENH. M.HASSANLecturer at dept. of educational technology, at college of specified education, Benha, Egypt. Currently with dept. of Computer Engineering, Eng. Academy, Tajoura, Libya.Journal Article20191118This work belongs to a novel research direction adapted to Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technology with cognitive - emotional Interactions of educational technology. That research direction, is basically adopted for the study of fundamental design principles required for solving some educational issues. So, interpretation and prediction of cognitive data associated with brain function and students' interactive behavio- during learning/teaching process have to be well studied. In other words, the combination of both ANN and educational technologies motivates, and supports well, the new research studies planned for by solving for some critical problems related to learning/teaching process. In this paper, the analytical results obtained from computer simulation for education measurement are presented. These results given herein, were carried out though the design of a realistic Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) model simulating both of teachers' and students' behaviors in our classrooms. More properly, the problems that observed due to individual differences of learning students' level and their response performance were considered. Interactions of students' and teachers' response performance is evaluated using a MultiLayer Perception (MLP) as an ANN model trained by back propagation of errors under supervision (With a teacher). The relation between the desired and obtained outputs of the NILP model is used to measure the response performance of learning process. The mean value of relative errors obtained, and the variance value of this error is computed, for compari5ion of teachers' ability, and students' response considering individual differences. Thus, tine obtained results include computations, that many times repeated to illustrate the learning processes individualities they carried out for four teachers and nine students differfmt groups (each includes eight students). The paper is organized as follows. At the next section, an introduction is given that to show how the new approach of ANN models applications in educational technology is acceptable and realistic. In section 11 the suggested ANN model description is briefly introduced. The obtained anaklical results and some comments are shown at section III in four numeric tables and four graphical figures Finally some conclusive remarks are given at section IV.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301VLSI IMPLEMENTATION OF A FUZZY LOGIC MEMBERSHIP FUNCTION CIRCUIT61686007710.21608/iceeng.1998.60077ENA. K.TahaPh.D., Head of Electronic Engineering Dpt. Military Technical College. Cairo. Egypt.A. S.BadawyAssociate professor., Electronics and Communication Dpt., Cairo University., Cairo. Egypt.M. M.El-KhatibTeaching Asst.. Electronic Engineering Dpt., Military Technical College. Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191118In this paper we present the design of an analog membership function circuit for fuzzy logic controllers. The presented circuit has been simulated on PSpice. A VLSI implementation of the circuit has also been performed using the L-EDITTm program. The resulting layout has then been tested using L-EDIT and the test results coincide with the PSpicell'i simulation results.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301A NOVEL DESIGN OF AN FPGA-BASED REPROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL CLOCK GENERATOR69776020910.21608/iceeng.1998.60209ENA. K.TahaPh.D., Head of Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.M. A.Abo El-SoudProfessor, Dpt. of Electronics & Communications, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.F. I.Abd-EIGhanyAssociate professor, Head of Dpt. of Radar and Guidance,Military Technical Collage, Cairo, Egypt.H. N.MohamedGraduate student, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Military Technical Collage, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191119This paper presents a novel design of an FPGA-based, reprogrammable digital clock generator that produces a group of clock signals with variable duty cycles. The realized chip provides up to fourty eight, independent, crystal-controlled, variable-duty-cycle clock outputs; each having a duty-cycle that can be varied from 0.4 % to 99.6 % in 250 steps. The proposed design can be used in a variety of applications. One of the main applications is the adjustment of the synaptic weights of an artificial neural network (ANN). The designed unit can also be used as the basis of a highly flexible pulse generator or a complex waveform generator.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301INCREMENTAL BEHAVIORAL SIMULATOR FOR DIGITAL CIRCUITS ON PCs78866021010.21608/iceeng.1998.60210ENEbrahimZakariaShebein El-Koom University, Faculty of Eng.Handy M.KelashMenoufia University, Faculty of Electronic Eng., Dept. of Comp. Science and Eng.Samir M.HassanSignal Department. Egyptian Armed ForcesHassan A.ShehataSignal Department. Egyptian Armed ForcesJournal Article20191119Verification before fabrication is one of the main objectives of computer aided design. The highly complex designs implemented in VLSI, ULSI and WSI technologies need more sophisticated tools for verifications on the same level of complexity. Simulation as a process of modeling a real system on computer is an imperative tool especially in the earlier phases of design, where a lot of modifications can be done on the design to get a free error design. The latest development in the capabilities of personal computers makes it possible to develop many applications on PC platforms. In this paper we propose an incremental behavioral simulator for digital systems to run on PC platforms. The simulator is used to evaluate the performance of digital circuits without hardware realization of such systems. The simulator implements the event-driven mode of operation. The incremental facility of the simulator reduces the overall simulation time where the part affected by a change is only resimulated. Different case studies have been evaluated on the proposed simulator. Results of simulation time as a function of circuit size are presented.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Plane Wave Scattering From Microstrip Array of Patches at Arbitrary Incidence87956021110.21608/iceeng.1998.60211ENA. M.M A.AllamAss.Prof. Egyptian Armed Force.Journal Article20191119This paper presents a discrete domain analysis for plane wave scattering from passive microstrip array of patches at arbitrary incidence over a wide frequency band. The analysis shows the effect of the patch size on the resonance of the scattered higher modes of the structure. The dips in the reflection coefficient characteristic curves at different angles of incidence correlate the level of these modes. The effect of the grating lobes onset on the reflection characteristics is also depicted.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301The Convergence In Analysis Of Cylindrical Structures961046021210.21608/iceeng.1998.60212ENM.MokhtarAss. Prof., Egyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191119This paper is devoted to discuses the convergence in analysis of free standing cylindrical structure due to a plane wave illumination. The numerical solution is based on the Conjugate Gradient - Fast Foarier Transform (CG-FFT) iterative scheme in the spectral domain.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301EVALUATION OF ANTENNA CORRECTION FACTORS FOR EMC MEASUREMENTS1051146021310.21608/iceeng.1998.60213ENMohamed A. H.Eleiwa(Ph.D.) Egyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191119The fundamental parameters of the EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) antennas, which are used for EMC measurements, are the antenna correction factors, or simply the antenna factor (AF), and a related parameter, the transmit antenna factor (TAF), provides a clearer understanding of radiated emissions and immunity measurements.<br />This paper provides mathematical derivations of the antenna factors AF and TAF in terms of the effective length parameter (h). The antenna factors for dipole and loop antennas are then calculated and analyzed. A new procedure is suggested for obtaining the antenna factor and hence the gain (G) of Log Periodic Dipole Antennas (LPDA), which are used for emission and susceptibility testing. A simple technique is also devised to calculate the antenna factors for biconical antennas used in site attenuation measurements. The proposed procedures are then verified by comparing the calculated AF and G for different LPD and biconical antennas with their corresponding published data.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF RESONANCE EFFECTS IN A MONOLITHIC MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT PACKAGE1151276021410.21608/iceeng.1998.60214ENHussein Hamed MahmoudGhouzIEEE member., Ph. D.. Electrical Engineering Department, Military Technical College.Journal Article20191119This paper presents analysis and modeling of the resonance effects in a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) package using Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD). Objectives of the analysis are investigating and evaluating of the resonance effects in a stripline package, and predicting of the resonance parameters which are related to the physical dimensions of the signal line and the discontinuities. A broadband equivalent circuit model of two vies transition in a stripline package including the resonance effects is also developed and presented. Results of the analysis indicate that the package performance is very sensitive to the resonance effects due to the multiple reflections occurred on the signal line. Furthermore, the frequency response of the proposed equivalent circuit model is predicted and compared to the FDTD model of the package discontinuities. Good agreement has been obtained between both models over a wide frequency band. Equivalent circuit model presented in this paper greatly simplifies the analysis and simulation of a complex package including several transition discontinuities, where limits of the resonance effects can be predicted and modeled.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301AUTOMATIC MODULATION RECOGNITION: A SURVEY AND OPEN ISSUES1281536021610.21608/iceeng.1998.60216ENElsayed. E.AzzouzDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Eweda I.EwcdaDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191119This paper provides a tutorial review of modulation recognition techniques. The available modulation recognizers are classified into three main categories. The first category is concerned with the analog modulations only. The second category is concerned with the digital modulations only. The third category is concerned with botlf-analog and digital modulation without any prior information about the nature of a signal. Comparisons between the available modulation recognizers in each category are developed. Some of these modulation recognizers utilize the decision-theoretic approach, some utilize the pattern recognition, some combine both approaches and the rest utilize the ANNs approach.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301PERFORMANCE OF A LOW BIAS DF ESTIMATOR IN WIDE BAND COHERENT SOURCES ENVIRONMENT1541606021710.21608/iceeng.1998.60217ENM. M.MokhtarEgyptian Armed Forces.S. S.BesarEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191119The estimation of radio activities location is a main task of radio reconnaissance systems. The performance measures of the estimators of these systems are usually the resolution threshold, bias, and variance of the estimated directions. Recently, a low bias estimator, named D„ is proposed for applications in narrow band incoherent sources environment. In this paper, some attractive features of the Dr in a practical environment of wide band coherent sources are introduced. It also presents a process, based on the Dr for attaining a low resolution threshold with a low level of both bias and variance.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301FAST ANALOG MODULATION RECOGNISER BASED ON THE COMPLEX ENVELOPE ONLY1611686021810.21608/iceeng.1998.60218ENElsayed E.AzzouzDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191119In this paper, a fast and quick modulation recogniser for different types of analog modulations is developed. This recogniser utilises the decision-theoretic approach in which the extracted key features are compared with suitable thresholds to decide about the modulation type. In this recogniser, all the key features used are derived from the complex envelope of a signal. Thus, this recogniser is fast compared with those presented in the available references. Computer simulations for different types of band-limited analog modulated signals corrupted with band-limited Gaussian noise sequence have been carried out. It is found that this recogniser performs %veil and all the analog modulation types of interest - AM, DSB, LS13, US13, and FM - have been classified with success rate 100 % a't the SNR of 10 dB.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301AN OPTIMUM PATHWISE FILTER FOR OPTICAL HETERODYNE DPSK RECEIVER1691846021910.21608/iceeng.1998.60219ENT. E.DabbousAssoc. Professors, Dept. of Elect. &Comp. Eng., Higher Tech. Institute, Ramadan 10th City, Egypt.K. M.HassanAssoc. Professors, Dept. of Elect. &Comp. Eng., Higher Tech. Institute, Ramadan 10th City, Egypt.Journal Article20191119In thiS paper we propose a. linear time invariant filter for optical heterodyne DPSK receiver to combat laser phase noise. Using optimal control techniques, we convert the filtering problem into an equivalent identification problem in which the filter parameters are the unknowns. Using variations arguments, we derive the necessary conditions of optimality on the basis of which the filter parameters can be determined. Simulation results show that the proposed filter is capable of minimizing the effects of phase and shot noise, that are superimposed on the DPSK signal, regardless the transmitted sequence.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301URBAN CHANGES DETECTION IN NASR CITY AND SURROUNDINGS, CAIRO , EGYPT BY USING GIS -RS TECHNIQUES1852036022010.21608/iceeng.1998.60220ENMohamed AliGomaaPh.D. Programme, Department of systems and Computers, Al-Azher University.FawzyEl-TohamyMilitary Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Adel FaridAbdel-KaderCenter for Environment and Development for the Arab Region and Europe 21/23 Giza St. , Giza, Egypt .Journal Article20191119This paper describes the application of GIS - RS techniqt es to detect urban growth of Nasr city and surroundings ( Cairo , Egypt ) from 1945 to 1993 For this work , TM multi-spectral data ( 30 m resolution ) from 1993, KVR-1000 image ( 5m resolution) from 1991 , and SPOT image ( 20 rn resolution ) from 1986 were used ; this is in addition to topographic 'naps with scale of 1:25,000 from 1945 and 1991. Multi-source data is used to highlight and map urban changes in Nasr city and surroundings as an area of active urban development in Cairo city . The results can be used by local government authorities to understand development trends and for future planning. A GIS model was designed to handle the designed data base . This prototype GIS integrates remote sensing data with other data, mostly from maps. The attribut data were obtained from base maps and satellite data. High resolution satellite images , and base maps with scale 1:25,000 offered enough details to allow identificatirn of all features of level 2 and level classification. Classification until leveJ4 an 5 for some categories specially residential area can be realized. In this paper, urban change detection through the year 1945 to 1993 was highlighted . Also, a classification scheme was designed to identify land use categories in the study area in 1993 where the area for all features are presented .Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301DSP TMS32020 IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ERROR FUNCTION ADAPTIVE RECURSIVE FILTER2042096022210.21608/iceeng.1998.60222ENElsayed A.SoleitThe Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191119The real time implementation of the adaptive recursive filter (ARF) is of great interest. Moreover, the error function ARF is hyperstable and its performance criterion is unimodal. In this paper a proposal to implement an error function ARF in real time is introduced using the Texas digital signal processor DSP TMS32020. The designed filter can operate at a sampling rate of 14.8 kHz which is suitable for various<br />applications.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301ROUNDOFF ERROR ANALYSIS OF THE SIGNED REGRESSOR ALGORITHM FOR NONSTATIONARY ADAPTIVE FILTERING2102176022310.21608/iceeng.1998.60223ENEwedaEwedaMilitary Technical College, Kobry El-koppa, Cairo, EGYPT.Waleed M.YounisFaculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EGYPT.Salwa H.El-RamlyFaculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EGYPT.Journal Article20191119The paper is concerned with analyzing the effect of finite wordlength on the tracking performance of a signed regressor algorithm when used in the adaptive identification of a time-varying plant. Rounding quantization is assumed. Expressions of the steady state mean square error, steady state mean square weight deviation, and the corresponding optimum step sizes are derived. It is found that the mean square error, mean square weight deviation, and the optimum step sizes increase as the filter weight wordlength decreases. The effect of filter weight wordlength is found to be equivalent to an increase of the degree of nonstationarity and/or the noise of the plant. It is also found that the effect of filter weight quantization dominates the effect of input quantization. The theoretical results of the paper are validated by computer simulations.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301FAST DISCRINIINATION OF UPPER AND LOWIlt SWF:MANI) SIGNALS2182256022710.21608/iceeng.1998.60227ENElsayed E.AzzouzDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Military Technical Collage, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191119Some recognition algorithms for analogue modulation types - AM, FM. DSB, and SSB - have<br />been recently developed. In such algorithms, the LSB and USB are considered as one type (SSB). In this paper two fast algorithms for the discrimination between LSB and USB signals are presented. The first algorithm is based on the spectrum symmetrv of the complex envelope of the signal. In the second algorithm. two new signal parameters used to derived the key features are presented. The developed algorithms require less computer storage, and they can be implemented at extremely low cost. Furthermore, they require short segment duration and hence they can be used for on line analysis. The performance evaluation of the developed algorithms were derived from 400 realizations for each of LSB and 'USB signals. II is found that the discrimination with 100% success rate is achieved at 0 dB SNR.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301A PWM DC TO AC CONTROLLED INVERTER WITH VARIABLE FREQUENCY2262366022910.21608/iceeng.1998.60229ENA. A.HeggoNational Authority for Tunnels.Journal Article20191119The inverter controlled by a microprocessor is applicable in many industrial applications. The two main parameters which are variable are amplitude and frequency. This paper describes an efficient and powerful modulation method. This technique permits the formation of the output wave easily and efficiently by means of PWM. This proposed inverter control scheme allows improvements on the AC drive performance, while using simple dedicated hardware. The proposed scheme would be attractive for mottrn applications that require a non-standard wave form. This paper presents the mathematical relation between the distortion, switching frequency and operating point, and the system parameters. The simulation results are obtained and commented upon.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301EFFECT OF SAMPLING TIME ON FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL OF DC MOTOR DRIVES2372456023010.21608/iceeng.1998.60230ENR.MOSTAFAEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191119This paper describes the effect of sampling time on the speed control of a separately excited dc motor which uses phase controlled bridge converter and fuzzy logic control. In order to accomplish a satisfactory damping characteristics over a wide range of operation the speed deviation (Aw) and the acceleration (Cie) were taken as input signals to the fuzzy controller. These variables have significant effects on the damping of shaft mechanical oscillations. The method used for defuzzification is the commonly used centroid method. By changing the sampling time over a wide range the results obtained by fuzzy logic controller are compared with those obtained by using conventional controllers.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301SWITCHED RELUCTANCE DRIVE AS FAULT TOLERANT DRIVE2462586023210.21608/iceeng.1998.60232ENM. A. LBadrProfessor, Dpt. Of Elect. Power & Machines, Faculty of engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.R.MostafaAssociate Professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.AmgedEl-wakeelGraduate Student, Egyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191119Nowadays, the switched reluctance motor (SRM) is gaining increasing interest, mainly due to its simple and robust construction with low cost and higher reliability. These good features and others such as high efficiency, fault tolerance and variable speed capabilities make the motor one of the so called tomorrow motors. The main object of this paper is to explain why the switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives are perceived to have a degree of fault tolerance not found in other motor drives. The critical operating conditions and the principal electromagnetic faults which may occur within the drive are explained. The fault tolerant drive requirements and the needed design modifications are discussed briefly. Various electrical configurations of winding and controller circuits are discussed under fault conditions. Comparisons with other drives are explained in many situations to explain advantages of SRM drives in safety critical applications.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301TRANSIENT STABILITY EVALUATION USING A CLASSIFIER NEURAL NETWORK2592676023310.21608/iceeng.1998.60233ENA. Y.AbdelazizAssistant Professor, Department of Electrical Power & Machines, Faculty of Engineering, AM Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191119The transient stability evaluation studies were mainly related to the following factors: 1) the construction parameters of the network and operating conditions of the power system. 2) the fault type and location. 3) the fault clearing time.<br />Application of artificial neural networks to power systems has resulted in an overall improvement of solutions in many areas. This paper presents a multi-layer feedforward perceptron type neural network (NN) for transient stability evaluation. Numerical integration and Lyapunov direct method are used to obtain the training set of the NN. The neural network architecture adopted as well as the selection of input features for training the neural networks is described: The approach is tested on a 3-generator power system using a stochastic backpropagation algorithm. The capabilities of the developed technique is tested through computer simulation for a typical case study. By comparison with the conventional methods, the proposed method can quickly estimate the transient stability of the power system at different fault locations, clearing times and load levels of the system. The results demonstrate that this approach has an excellent classification performance and simple for on-line application.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301FUZZY CONTROL OF FIELD-ORIENTED AC MOTOR DRIVES2682766023410.21608/iceeng.1998.60234ENR.MostafaEgyptian Armed Forces.Salah Gh.RamadanB. H. I. TA. E.ElewaEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191119In this paper a fuzzy logic control of a field oriented ac motor drive using a dynamic drive model is investigated and simulation studies are performed with the matlab program. A mathematical model of the induction motor operating at constant speed and supplied from a symmetrical three phase supply is given. The dynamic model is simplified based on the reference frame theory and linearization technique. The fuzzy logic controller for speed loop is presented. The input variables to the controller are normalized by certain gain factors estimated by trial and error. The membership functions for the linguistic variables are represented by a symmetrical triangular shapes causing more crowding near the origin and precision control near the steady state operating point. The effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controller is investigated and compared with an adjusted PI controller. The simulation and practical results are presented.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF BRUSIILESS AND SELF EXCITED SINGLE PHASE SYNCHRONOUS GENE RATOR2772906023710.21608/iceeng.1998.60237ENS. E.KANDILElectrical Engineering (Dept., Institute of Productivity, Zagazig University.Journal Article20191119The use of three phase winding with two diodes in the rotor of single phase brushless and self excited synchromus generator is investigated. In this paper the three phase winding are used in the stator to give a five methods of winding arrangement. This paper presents an experimental investigation for these five connections. To choose the best stator connection the rated stator phase current is used as a base of comparison. A new method of stator winding arrangement is proposed and gives an output voltage of neatly sinusoidal wave form and high output powerMilitary Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Techno-Economical Analysis of Wind-Turbine Generator/Utility Glide Aggregation2913016107810.21608/iceeng.1998.61078ENH. H.EI-TamalyProfessor, Dept of Elect. Eng., Faculty of Eng., Elminia University, Elminia, EgyptE. A.EI-SayedAssts. Prof., Dept. of Elect. Eng., Faculty of Eng., Elminia University, Elminia, EgyptA. M.EI-TamalyAssts. Lec., Dept. of Elect. Eng. Elminia University, Elminia, EGYPT.Journal Article20191124This paper introduces a complete techno-analysis for wind turbine generator (WTG) system integrated with the utility grid (UG) from different side of views.The effects of maintenance duration, turbine type and selected site on the reliability as well as on the energy cost figure have been considered and investigated. A complete computer program has been designed and applied in the study to find out the most suitable site and the best turbine mode. Finally, a complete comparative study between all used modes, different selected sites has been carried out and then the most techno-economical and reliable one has been selected.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301DECENTRALIZED STABILIZATION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEMS3023126108110.21608/iceeng.1998.61081ENATEIA A.ABDELMAGEEDDr., GENERAL DIRECTOR OF ELECTRIC MOTORS MANUFACTURE - SHOUBRA COMPANY FOR ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES - NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MILITARY PRODUCTIONJournal Article20191124The paper considers the problem of stabilizing and control of a linear time invariant multivariable system, representing power system dynamics, using two techniques : The first technique adopts the decentralized stabilization approach, while the second depends upon the decomposition coordination approach. Both techniques arc applied to an interconnected power system consisting of three synchronous machines. The simulation results proved the capability of both techniques in stabilization and control of the system under consideration.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301APPLICATION OF DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS IN A CIPHER SYSTEM3133246108510.21608/iceeng.1998.61085ENM. S.IBRAHIMAss. Prof., Computer Dep., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.F. S.ABD RABOUChairman of Computer Dep., Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.H. Y.ZORKTAPh.D. Candidate, Computer Dep. Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191124In this paper an algorithm for data security within computer networks is introduced. The algorithm is based on a public key cipher system and Diophantine equations. In order to reduce the possibility of message length prediction, the algorithm is improved by using dummy bits technique. Moreover, some mathematical rules are applied to limit the length of the ciphering key. For the problem of truncation in floating point type representation of numbers, a proposed solution for a very long integer type representation is introduced.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301A STATISTICAL CONNECTIONIST APPROACH FOR FACE RECOGNITION3253346108810.21608/iceeng.1998.61088ENM.ShaarawyAssociate Professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.H.IsmailPh.D., Egyptian Armed Forces.K.HassanainEng., Technical Research Department, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191124Face recognition could be applied to a variety of practical applications and problems, including security and criminal identification systems. Face recognition using eigenface approach was motivated by information theory as it provides a practical solution. In this paper, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used for eigenfaces (eigenvectors) computation. These eigenfaces present the extracted features for the faces to be recognized. A multilayer Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with back propagation adaptive learning algorithm is used for the classification phase. A number of experiments have been conducted on the system using the Olivetti Research Laboratory (ORL) database. Promising results have been achieved. Total performance accuracy on the data set used reached 98%.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS IN BUILDING A COMPUTER NETWORK IN AN ARABIZED ENVIRONMENT3353416108910.21608/iceeng.1998.61089ENM. SamyGamal El DinDr. Eng., Department of Computers, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.AlyEl MoghazyDr. Eng.., Information Systems department.WafaeBaghdadyDr. Eng., Signal Department.Journal Article20191124This paper is concerned with building wide area computer networks. The environments concerned in this paper are: (1) Heterogeneous computer facilities. (2) Common resources for communications based in both packet switched and circuit switched networks. (3) Different implemented Arabic codes. The main objective of this paper is to define recommendations concerned with building a wide area computer network in the above mentioned environments. This paper could be considered as a useful guide to engineerS and researchers in the field of wide area computer networks in a typical heterogeneous environment.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Automation Support for Concurrent Software Engineering3423526109110.21608/iceeng.1998.61091ENSalahBadrDr Salah Badr is the chief of information systems branch. Armament Authority of the Armed Forces.Journal Article20191124This paper presents an evolution control system that provides automated assistance UK the software evolution process in an uncertain environment where designer tasks and their properties are always changing We view an Evolution Control System (ECS) as the agent that keeps track of proposed. ongoing. and completed changes to a software .s-v stem It provides automated assistance to the software evolution manager to help him/her make the right decisions. It automatically propagates change consequences by constnicting the set of possibly affected modules It also coordinate's change implementation activities within the design team in a way that supports team work and maintains system integrity, as well as adapting itself to the dynamic nature of the evolution process where new changes arrive randomly and ongoing modifications are themselves subject to change as more information becomes availableMilitary Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF A TIGHTLY CONSTRA INED HYBRID TIMETABLING SYSTEM3533656109210.21608/iceeng.1998.61092ENM. SamyGamal El DinDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Military Technical College.Ismail A.FaragDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Military Technical College.KhaledElshwadfyEng., Staff Members of the Military Technical College.KamelEl HadadDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Military Technical College.A. HasaballaKhalilDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Military Technical College.Journal Article20191124This paper presents the analysis and modeling of a special class of the timetabling problem. The introduced problem is a hybrid one, It combines the school and the university timetabling cases. The set of imposed constraints on the introduced problem is a tight one. This class of problems can be identified in some institutions such as Military Technical College.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301MULTILEVEL SECURITY IN LOCAL AREA NETWORKS: A TRUSTED MODEL3663726109310.21608/iceeng.1998.61093ENM. SamyGamal EldeenDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Mlilitary Technical CollegeEmad A.FahmyDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Mlilitary Technical CollegeAmid H.KhalilDr. Eng., Staff Members of the Mlilitary Technical CollegeAhmed A.Abdel HafezCap. Eng., Staff Members of the Mlilitary Technical CollegeJournal Article20191124This paper presents a new model that precisely describes the mechanisms that enforces the security policy and requirements for a multi-level secure Local Area Network. These mechanisms attempt to insure secure flow of information between entitien assigned to different security classes in different compiler systems connected to the network. The mechanisms also control the access to the network devices by the subject with different security clearances. Implementation of the security model has beer shown during a complete discussion of the method of implementing the security requirements. The paper also gives an assessment of the proposed model compared to some commercial systems.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301ASYMPTOTICALLY OPTIMUM DETECTION QF SCINTILLATING TARGETS IMMERSED IN NON-GAUSSIAN INTERFERENCE3733826109410.21608/iceeng.1998.61094ENAlaaFahmyPh.D., Military Technical College.A.HanfayProfessor, Military Technical College.Journal Article20191124The actual noise environment is often non-Gaussian in nature. In this case, the conventional detector (CD) based on the Gaussian assumption suffers significant performance degradation. To avoid such degradation, an asymptotically optimum detector (AOD) is used. The structure of the AOD is based on an asymptotic expression of the log-likelihood ratio and the functional form of zero memory non linearity (ZMNL), which depends on the noise statistics. In this paper, we calculate the functional form of ThINL for three different probability density functions (Gaussian, log-normal, and Weibull distribution). The structure of the AOD has been introduced when the probability density function of the noise is either unknown or known. This structure can be used to improve the radar performance.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301A FRACTAL-BASED APPROACH FOR RADAR TARGET RECOGNITION3833906109510.21608/iceeng.1998.61095ENAbdallah M.ElramsisiAir Force Research & Development Center, Air Force Information System Branch.Osama S.ElshehryAir Force Research & Development Center, Air Force Information System BranchJournal Article20191124This paper presents a new approach for classifying radar targets through the fractal analsis of their radar echo. Radar target echo and clutter models have been generated from Rayleigh and Weibof distributions. oth target and clutter signatures have shown fractional Brownian motion behavior. The radar echo of a target varies basically according to radar target cross section (RCS) and more specifically according to the size. and geometric shape of the target. Those variations have been efficiently captured and abstracted in terms of average holder constant. Radar target echo and clutter have also been transformed into invariant symmetrized dot pattern. (SDP) plot, where a correlation coefficient factor . R. has been computed. The two features, average holder constant and R have been presented to a multi-resolution neural network to classify seven types of aircraft in the presence of clutter. The multi-resolution neural net is composed of three sub-nets. each sub-net is a three-layered neural net with a back propagatin learning algorithm. Conclusive classification results have been obtained and analyzed in terms of confusion matrix format.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301THE EFFECT OF OVERLAPPING PULSES ON THE OPERATION OF AN AUTOMATIC ESM RECEIVING SYSTEM3914006109610.21608/iceeng.1998.61096ENKhairyEl- BarbaryElectronic and Electrical Engineering Department , Military Technical College , Cairo, EgyptHosam E.Abou-bakrElectronic and Electrical Engineering Department , Military Technical College , Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191124Radar electronic support measures (ESM) systems perform the functions of threat detection and area surveillance to determine the identity and bearing of surrounding radar emitters . These ESM receivers have a wide frequency band and their antennas have a wide coverage pattern. These features of the ESM reeQiver are necessary to increase the instantaneous coverage and to enhance the probability of in:terception. However , the ESM receiver is vulnerable to overlapping pulses, these pulses which tyrrive simultaneously or partially are time overlapped to the ESM receiver input In this work a quelling model is performed to describe the arrival process of radar pulses at the input of an TESM receiver. From this arrival model, the probability of pulse overlapping is determined. for an arbitrary arrival rate . The effect of this undesired pulse overlapping on the measurements performed by an ESM receiver and consequently the output digital words that describe the arrival pulse train is evaluated in two cases. The first case which is denoted as paraPyzable receiver type , where the ESM receiver can only process a pulse which arrives after a fix(ed time from the last pulse processed. The second case is denoted as non paralyzable receiver, where the receiver is ready to process a new :wise, as soot as the life time of the previous pulse is expired . A computer program is constructed to simulate the operation of an ESM receiver in these two cases . The results show that the ratio of successfully processed pulses in case of non<br />paralyzable processing is larger than the case of a paralyzable processing .Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Autopilot Design for a Beam Rider Guided Missile System4014096109710.21608/iceeng.1998.61097ENGamal A.El-SheikhLecturer (B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., MIEEE) in the Guidance Department, Military Technical College, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191124This paper presents some of the fundamental principles involved in missile autopilot design using the well known classical control approaches and allows a guidance engineer to grasp a sound understanding and knowledge in this field. In addition, the paper provides a robust classic controller for stabilizing the guidance system of a beam rider guided missile in addition to satisfying the performance requirements upon miss distance and demanded normal acceleration. The paper presents the analysis using the analytic approach and the simulation of a simple system from which the concluded remarks are applicable to a more general guidance system. The Paper shows the effects of the sampling period, the compensator time constants and the guidance gain upon the system performance. The contribution of the paper stems from the easy presentation of a simple classic controller and showing its effect upon the system performance either analytically cr through system simulation. The results are obtained using the Guidance systems simulation Toolbox, due the author, under the MATLAB environments.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301USING NEURAL NETWORK IN RADAR EMITTER'S IDENTIFICATION4104196109810.21608/iceeng.1998.61098ENMagdyKamalFawzyIbrahimNabilGirgisJournal Article20191124A region of the microwave band can contain many radar signals from different emitters. There are few techniques for identification of emitters on the base of measuring the parameters of their received signals. However, these techniques are utilized OFF-line. In modern electronic warfare, the ON-line techniques in the processing and decision are required. It is assumed that the electronic support measurement (ESM) receiving system is used to measure radar parameters. These parameters are : the carrier frequency (F), the pulse width (PW), the antenna scan rate (RPM), the angle of arrival (A.OA) and the time of intercept (TOI) for each pulse. Data processing in ESM contains two basic functions: deinterleaving (sorting or classification) and emitter identification. ESM systemn applies some algorithms to classify the radar emitters and the resulting radar parameters F, PW, PRF, RPM are called the emitter descriptor vector. They are used in emitter identification by comparison with an existing library. This paper suggests a novel technique to identify radar signals using neural network on simulated radar parameters. A fully connected feed forward network (back propagation) is designed and implemented. The designed network consists of three layers. Th(z input layer contains four processing elements that correspond to the four measured radar parameters resulting from the classification process. The hidden !Layer consists of five processing elements. The output layer consists of ten processing elements that correspond to the number of emitters in the library. The proposed network is tested by several examples to verify the design concept.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Extraction of Frequency Domain Parameters of the Guidance System Via Its Six-Degrees-of-Freedom (6-DOF) Simulation Model4204326109910.21608/iceeng.1998.61099ENM. S.AlyAssociate Professor, Department of Radar and Guidance, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Y. Z.El-HalwagyGraduate student, Department of Radar and Guidance, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191124Mathematical modeling constitutes one of the recognized simulation techniques that can be employed in systems analysis. In an earlier work [I ], a six degrees-of-freedom simulation model had been utilized for missile airframe resonances extraction from its transient response. In the present work, the complete transfer function of the airframe is predicted. The analysis is extended to cover the missile autopilot. The obtained results show that the missile airframe can accurately be described by a linear second order system with two complex conjugate poles and two complex conjugate zeros. The airframe characteristics are sensitive to speed variations. However, this effect can be reduced by the utilization of autopilot with accelerometer and rate gyro in the feed back path.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATION OF IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHM FOR DETECTION A MOVING TARGET USING A FULL LINKING TRANSPUTER4334456110010.21608/iceeng.1998.61100ENS. F.BahgatAssociate Professor, Dep. of Radar & Guidance, Military Technical College , Cairo, Egypt.S.GhoniemyProfessor , Faculty of Computer and Information Science - AM Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.R. N. MohammedAgamGraduite Stuident, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191124A real-time image processing algorithm for detection of a moving targets requires faster, more accurate and more flexible computer systems. For TV image tracking systems, scanning in the camera fielc of view ( CFOV ), capturing the intended target inside a window, detection of the target center, and tracking process are four modes of operations that need fast execution time. To implement these algorithms in real-time, delay time caused in these modes must be minimized. Parallel processing techniques are exploited as a solution for implementation of such algorithm. This paper describes the parallel implementation of real-time image processing algorithm for detection of a moving target using full linking transputer arrays. The partitioning roughly equal tasks which are written in parallel-C allocating the tasks to processors, interconnection topology of the processors, and the capacity of each communication link over the transputer network are considered. Finally, simulation results show that parallel techniques are very powerful and essential for real - time applications.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR PARALLEL IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHM USING TRANSPUTERS4464556110110.21608/iceeng.1998.61101ENS. F.BahgatAssociate Professor, Dep. Of Radar & Guidance , Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.S.GhoniemyProfessor , Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences-Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.R. N. MohammedAgamGraduite Studient , Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191124This paper describes a computable measure that may be used to discriminate between attributes based on configurations of parallel image processing algorithms for achieving optimal system performance. This measure is a compromise between the speed-up factor, the parallelisation efficiency, the number of used transputers, and the complication of the hardware and software algorithm configuration. This measure is described in the context of parallel implementation of digital image processing algorithm for detection of a moving target using a full link transputerMilitary Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301NEW MESSAGE AUTHENTICATION CODE USLNG UNIMODAL CHAOTIC MAPPING4564626110210.21608/iceeng.1998.61102ENAlaaFahmyPh.D., Military Technical College.Journal Article20191124Message authentication is a procedure established between two ends, (sender and receiver), allows each end to verify the integrity of the received message. The contents of a message are authenticated by verifying the correctness of message authentication code (MAC), which is computed by the sender and is appended to the message. In this paper, we present a new method to generate the MAC, using unimodal chaotic mapping.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF QPRS THROUGH A MICROCELLULAR RADIO CHANNEL4634706110310.21608/iceeng.1998.61103ENAlemam S.RagabEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191124This paper investigates the performance of quadrature partial response signaling (QPRS) scheme in a multipath fading channels, with emphasis on microcellular radio channel. The channel is assumed to be Rician fading channel subject to cochannel interference. Perfect synchronization has been assumed. The results are compared with that of the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) subject to the same environments. For QPSK a raised-cosine pulse of 0.235 roll-off factor has been used with a corresponding spectral efficiency of 1.62 b/s/Hz. The effect of cell splitting and cell sectorization are also considered. Performance is derived and computed analytically in terms of the bit error probability as a function of the number of time division multiplexing (TDM) users in the digital microcellular radio channel. Results show that the QPRS scheme performs better than the QPSK signaling scheme whenever the transmission is subject to multipath fading and cochannel interference, which is the case for microcellular radio channelsMilitary Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Spectral Code Division Multiplexed System Using Optical Orthogonal Signalling4714796110510.21608/iceeng.1998.61105ENKAMEL M.HASSANAssoc.professor , Dpt. of Electrical Engineering and computer, Higher Technology Institute, Ramadan 10" City.TAHER M.BAZANGraduate student, Egyptian Armed Forces.SAID M.SAADAssoc. professor, Egyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191124In this paper, we present a proposed scheme for improving the performance of the optical code division multiple access system (CDMA). This system works based on spectral encoding of noncoherent sources. The proposed scheme depends on using the orthogonal signalling in place of ASK format. A new design of optical mask is presented in order to minimize the nonflatness effect of the spectral shape of the optical source on the system performance. Analysis study on the required accuracy of the designed mask on the performance improvement has been presented.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Simulation of QAM and QPRS systems for Land Mobile Satellite Communications Channels4804886110610.21608/iceeng.1998.61106ENSalahEl-AgoozMilitary Technical College, Kobry El - Koppa, Cairo, EgyptGamalMabroukMilitary Technical College, Kobry El - Koppa, Cairo, EgyptEweda I.EwedaMilitary Technical College, Kobry El - Koppa, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191124Computer modeling of land mobile satellite communications channels is a valuable adjunct to analytical modeling for predicting and verifying communication systems performance. The simulations considered in this paper are concerned with the evaluation of the error rate performances of 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) and quadrature partial response signaling (QPRS) in a shadowed multipath Rayleigh fading channel. A frequency non-selective fading has been assumed. In this paper the effect of transponder nonlinearity has not been taken into account, since the aim of these simulations is to verify analytical results obtained recently in the same channel conditions. Simulation results shov, a good agreement with the analytical ones within the conventional permissible confidence interval that extends from half to twice the symbol error probability.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 49-QPRS THROUGH NONLINEAR SATELLITE CHANNELS IN THE PRESENCE OF GAUSSIAN NOISE AND COCHANNEL INTERFERENCE4894976110710.21608/iceeng.1998.61107ENMohamed Ibrahim M.BdrDr. Eng., Egyptian Armed Forces.+Author received the B.S from M.T.0 " Electrical Communication Engineering Department in 1975 ; the M.S.
Degree from M.T.0 in 1985 and Ph.D. from Mansura University in 1996 - Egypt .Journal Article20191124This paper is concerned with the analytical performance analysis and evaluation of 49-ary Quadrature Partial Response Signaling when transmitted through nonlinear satellite channel in the presence of Additive White Gaussian Noise and Co-channel Interference ; in both uplink and downlink channels . The main source of the nonlinearities is the Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier on-board of the satellite. The transponder nonlinearities considered in this paper are due to : input amplitude -to-output amplitude conversion and input amplitude-to-output phase conversion . The cochannel interference results from interferers in the passband of the coherent ,receiver . The results in terms of the dependence of the average symbol error probability upon the uplink and downlink , signal-to-noise ratio's and Signal -to cochannel interference signal ratio's at different values of Back-Off from saturation operation of the Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier on-board of the satellite are illustrated . The results showed that the Back-Off value is the dominant factor in determining the system performance .The appropriate values of the threshold levels ; d"s and compensation phases ; θ's at the receiver are highly correlated and can only be arrived at by minimizing the average symbol error probability .Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301MEMORY SIZE REDUCTION IN LARGE SCALE PRIVATE MULTICAST ATM SWITCH4985116110810.21608/iceeng.1998.61108ENAmani S.AminDr., Head of the Switching Dep. National Telecommunication Inst. — Nasr City - Cairo — EgyptHanaa A.IbrahimEng., Teacher Assist — Switching Dep. National Telecommunication Inst — Nasr City - Cairo — EgyptJournal Article20191124In this paper, a new architecture for a multicast large scale private multicast ATM switch is proposed. The proposed architecture is a two stage switch, which can be easily expanded from few tens to hundreds of input ports. The number of ports which must be served through the switch are divided into separate partitions. This results in reducing the memory capacity which required in the trunk number translators of the copy network modules. The memory reduction in the trunk number translator, is evaluated at the end of this paper.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301AN ARCHITECTURE FOR SCALABLE MULTICAST ATM SWITCH5125276110910.21608/iceeng.1998.61109ENAmani S.AminDr., Head of the Switching Dep. National Telecommunication Inst. — Nasr City - Cairo — EgyptHanaa A.IbrahimEng., Teacher Assist — Switching Dep. National Telecommunication Inst — Nasr City - Cairo — EgyptJournal Article20191124In this paper an interconnection architecture for a large scale multicast ATM switch [LSMA] is introduced. The proposed architecture permits the modular growth of its size from a small number of ports to very large switch sizes. The expansion of the switch size is implemented in a smoothing way with simple modification of already existing connections. An important feature of LSMA is that the system growth is independent of the number of vertical stages, i.e. the system always contains three stages only. The general description of the input switch module which contains the multicast network is also introduced. Comparison between the number of middle- stage modules and the number of overall switch modules for different architectures is presented.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301A NEW APPROACH FOR ELECTROGASTROGRAM CLASSIFICATION : A CASE STUDY5185346197710.21608/iceeng.1998.61977ENE.EI-SamahyEgyptian Armed Forces.Abdalla S. A.MohamedProfessor, Department of systems of Biomedical Engineering, Cairo University.S.ManEgyptian Armed Forces.S. E.ShoumanEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191126In this paper, an algorithm has been developed to extract the important features of the electrical activity of the stomach measured non invasively with placing electrodes on the abdomen of the human. The measured signal generated from stomach's muscle contraction, is called the Electrogastrogram (EGG), It is a mixture of action potentials with different amplitudes depending on position of the electrodes, direction of spread over stomach, and firing rate. The proposed algorithm is based on special structure of cascaded filters characterized with high selectivity. Parameters of individual section as well as the number of sections were estimated such that minimum mean squared spectral deviation between the measured and estimated EGG signal is achieved. The amplitudes of individual frequencies extracted by this algorithm are considered as features of EGG signal that can be used for studying stomach's physiological states. An example is given to illustrate the application of this algorithm for evaluating the stomach activity during Hunger or Digestion states. The percentage of success to discriminate between these two states was about 93.8 % for the Hunger state, and 98.9 % for the Digestion.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301NASAL AIRFLOW MEASUREMENT IN NORMAL SUBJECTS BY USING ARABIC WORD PHONETICS5355446197810.21608/iceeng.1998.61978ENSerry S. A.BesarEgyptian Armed Forces.Mohammed M. A.KhairyEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191126Arabic letters' phonetics can be divided, from the point of view of nasal airflow, into nasal and non-nasar phonemes. Practical measurements have been carried out to define some nasal and non-nasal words. Two sets of words (nasal and non-nasal) have been selected. A pecial software package to achieve the required measurement is written in Turbo Pascal. In this software, the end-point detection is used to recognize the silence from the sound. This is used to enhance the calculation of airflow during each word. Measurements have been performed over 50 nonnal subjects. The results have been processed to define the range of airflow in each word. These ranges are proposed to be the standardization of the method to he used later with the abnormalities. The system used in the measurement is the nasal anemometer. This system is an achievement of a research project financed by the Egyptian Army. The anemometer and the software is an objective (human independent) tool for the diagnosis of nasal airways.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301IMAGE COMPRESSION USING VECTOR QUANTIZATION IN THE WAVELET DOMAIN5455536198110.21608/iceeng.1998.61981ENA. S.RagabPh. D, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Abdalla S. A.MohamedProfessor, Dpt, of Systems & Biomedical Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.M. S.HamidGraduate student, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191126Image compression becomes the main task for reducing the image bit rate with acceptable reconstructed image quality. Wavelet transform shows a good way of subdividing the image into different subbands with different resolutions which are quantized to reduce the image bit rate. This paper introduces the application of Vector qauntization (VQ) to the image subbands in the wavelet domain. The image spectrum is decomposed into hierarchical subbands using the wavelet transform. Three methods of codebook generation are discussed namely, global codebook, local codebook, and variance based codebook with application to image subbands for different block sizes. The quantized coefficients and the baseband are Hufmann coded. Results showed that the local codebook based method gave better peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) than the global codebook with nearly the same compression ratio (CR). But for variance based method, the visual quality of the reconstructed image is better than those of the two other methods for nearly the same PSNR, and CR as the edges are preserved.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301STUDY OF DESFERRIOXAMINE-COPPER COMPLEX FORMATION5545646198510.21608/iceeng.1998.61985ENM. M.EI-DessoukEgyptian Armed Forces.M. W.Abdel-RaoufDr. Hot Laboratory , Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.A. A.BarakaEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191126Desferrioxamine-Copper complex was investigated. The effect of pH and the ratio of desferrioxamine to copper were studied The apparent stability constants for complex formed at different pH values were determined .The effect of adding EDTA (desferrioxamine of 1%EDTA)on complex formation ratio and stability was studied The results showed an increase in absorbance and stability in case of EDTA addition and the chelation ratio (metal:chelate) also changed from 1:1 to 2:1.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301COMPLEXES OF TETRAVALENT CERIUM WITH SULPHATE IONS5655726199110.21608/iceeng.1998.61991ENN.HafezHot Laboratory, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.M. M.EI-DessoukyEgyptian Aimed Forces.M. S.SayedHot Laboratory, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20191126The sulphate - complexes of tetravalent cerium have been studied. Their stability and conditions of their formation solutions has been investigated . In addition the ease of hydrolysis of tetravalent cerium salts in sulphate solutions indicates a lower stability for the monosulphato tetravalent creium ion . The instability constants of the corresponding complexes were calculated from the results of spectrophotometric measurments . In dilute sulphate solutions of tetravalent cerium the complex cation [CeSO4]24- is predominant ; Knst = 2.6 x 10-3 .When the concentration is raised to 0.05 M mainly the neutral complex Ce(SO4)2 is formed ; Knst = 5.9 x 10-3 . In solutions containing an excess of sulphuric acid , cerium exists mainly as a complex anion.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Low Resistivity polymeric adhesives5735816199510.21608/iceeng.1998.61995ENSh. R.GoodaEgyptian Armed Forces.S. M.HassanienEgyptian Armed Forces.I.ElfallalEgyptian Armed Forces.Journal Article20191126Samples of low resisitivty polymeric adhesives of epoxy type were prepared. Curing took place at the ordinary temperature and hardening was complete within about 15 minutes. The volume resistivity was about 1.5 x 10-4 0 Cm when the sample contained 25% by weight silver. Such low resistivity and short curing time allow the use of mentioned adhesive for repairing the broken low power electrical conductors. The prepared adhesive may also find many applications in electronic packing and silk screening.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Microwave synthesis of Lithium aluminum silicate and its characterization5825916225510.21608/iceeng.1998.62255ENM. SH.FayedArmed Forces of Egypt.SH. R.GoodaArmed Forces of Egypt.W. F.F.MekkyArmed Forces of Egypt.Journal Article20191127Lithium aluminum silicate (LAS) was prepared using :he sol-gel technique and starting from LiCI H2O, Al(NO3)3 and Tetraethyl ortho silicate (TEOS). The final product Li20 : A1203 : 3SiO2. Ac id catalysis was applied by using of HNO3, 113PO4 or HC1O4 in addition 1.) a catalyst free sample. Microwave heatitg was employed in both the hydrolysis, condemiation and drying processes. The prepared samples were thermally analyzed by thermogravemetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). TGA thermograms showed sharp decrease in weight at 250°c that varied with the catalyst. SEM analysis also indicated variable shapes of the crystals with different catalysts.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301EVALUATION OF SOME ARTIFICIAL AEROSOLS FOR ANTI-INFRARED ROLES5925966225610.21608/iceeng.1998.62256ENM. Sh.FayedM.KassemI.El-FallalJournal Article20191127This paper describes the experimental setup for estimation of pyrotechnic smoke composition for anti-infrared roles using thermal imager operating in the wavelengtt range of 8-12 l . Several pyrotechnic compositions based on thoroughly mixes maleic acid, potassium chlorate, calcium silicide, calcium carbonate, sodiurr carbonate, naphthalene, anthracene, ammonium chloride and commercial boiled of have been tested. Hot plate of temperature ranging between 101 °C and 120 °C way used to represent the source of emitted infrared radiation. The temperature of the ho source was traced during the generation of the pyrotechnic smoke inside a specially designed smoke testing laboratory tunnel. The effect of both the pyrotechnic composition and the amount of each sample on the attenuation of the hot source temperature was shown and discussed. The experimental work was done in ar ambient temperature of 38 °C during June month in the afternoon period.Military Technical CollegeThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering2636-443311st International Conference on Electrical Engineering ICEENG 199819980301Current Disruption in Coaxial Discharge5976036225710.21608/iceeng.1998.62257ENE. A.MehannaMilitary Technical College Cairo, EgyptA. S.GirgisMilitary Technical College Cairo, EgyptH. F.El AfifiMilitary Technical College Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191127Quasi-disruption of the discharge current has been occurred in an electrode discharge system. The discharge takes place between two T-shaped electrodes, a copper central cylindrical rod and a molybdenum cylindrical transverse rod. The capacitor bank used has 52 kJ. maximum stored energy, which consists of two capacitors 680tIF capacitance each, triggering spark gap system, micro processor control system, and the power supply. The discharge current was a fast rising single pulse one, with a peak value at 500 p, then it decayed exponentially in 7.5 ms. The peak discharge current increases linearly with the charging potential of the capacitor banks, which was 14 kA at 15 kV. The discharge current disruption starts early with the increasing of the capacitor bank charging voltage in a linear relation. This indicates that the diamagnetic effect of the plasma k the main source of such disruption.